【摘要】 为了提高小麦水分利用效率,针对小麦早春灌水较早的现象,以大面积应用的小麦品种周麦18为材料,设置早春起身期、拔节期灌第1水和全生育期不灌水3个处理,研究早春不同时期灌水对小麦水分利用和产量形成的影响。结果表明,与不灌水相比,起身期和拔节期灌水分别增加耗水量16.77%和14.70%,水分利用效率提高13.13%和19.38%,显著增加了成穗数、千粒重和籽粒产量,对穗粒数影响较小;早春灌水处理间水分利用效率和边际效应以拔节期灌水高于起身期灌水,分别提高5.52%和29.64%,产量及其构成因素差异不显著。因此,适时延迟灌早春第1水,能够改善小麦耗水特性、提高籽粒产量。更多还原

【Abstract】 The widely grown cultivar Zhoumai 18 was used as material to study the effects of irrigation in different stages of early spring on water utilization and yield components of wheat in order to increase the water use efficiency of wheat.The experiment included 3 treatments: first irrigation at erecting stage,first irrigation at jointing stage,and no irrigation at all the growing stages.The results showed that,compared to no irrigation,irrigation at erecting stage and jointing stage could increase the evapotranspiration by 16.77% and 14.70% respectively,and increase the water use efficiency(WUE) by 13.13% and 19.38% respectively.They also increased the spike number,1000-grain weight and grain yield of wheat,but had little effect on grains per spike.WUE and water marginal effect(WME) were higher for irrigation at jointing stage than at electing stage,increased by 5.52% and 29.64% respectively,while their grain yields and yield components had little difference.It was suggested that the first irrigation in early spring should be delayed to jointing stage,which could improve the water consumption characteristics and increase the grain yield of wheat.更多还原