【摘要】 水体中有机氯化物的普遍存在已构成了严重的生态风险,其中部分有机氯化物属于持久性有机污染物,它们的环境行为与控制策略必须引起高度重视.文中从化工废水排放、农药的生产与使用、含多氯联苯材料的使用与环境残留、氯消毒副产物的产生、垃圾焚烧导致二噁英类物质的生成等方面分析了环境中有机氯化物的来源;总结了有机氯化物在水体、土壤和沉积物等方面的污染现状及其对人体健康和环境的危害;然后从生物降解、吸附富集、超临界催化还原与资源化利用方面论述了有机氯化物安全转化与控制的途径及原理;最后讨论了有机氯化物降解的未来研究的重点.更多还原

【Abstract】 Organic chlorides(OCs) are ubiquitous in aquatic environments,which pose a significant ecological risk.As some of them are persistent organic pollutants,more attention should be paid to their environmental behaviors and control strategies.In this paper,first,the sources of OCs are analyzed in terms of the discharge of chemical wastewater,the production and use of pesticides,the use and residue of polychlorinated biphenyl materials,the generation of chlorination by-products,and the formation of dioxins from waste incineration,etc.Next,the pollution situations caused by OCs in water bodies,soils and sediments and the corresponding harm to human health and environment are summarized.Then,the approaches and principles concerning the safe transformation and control of OCs are reviewed in terms of biodegradation,adsorption and enrichment,supercritical catalytic reduction and resource utilization.Finally,the key issues for future studies on organic chloride degradation are discussed.更多还原