【摘要】 目的了解广州主城区饮用水中氨氮、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐氮含量,并评价其对人体健康产生潜在风险。方法于2010年12月,检测广州市主城区(荔湾区、越秀区、天河区、白云区、黄埔区、海珠区)饮用水水样中氨氮、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐氮的含量,并进行健康风险评价。结果广州主城区饮用水中氨氮、亚硝酸盐含量的最高值分别是标准的14.40、21.83倍,超标率分别为50.0%,53.3%;硝酸盐氮含量均合格。各区总年均风险介于0.177×10-8～2.169×10-8/a,均值为1.064×10-8/a,远低于美国环保局(USEPA)推荐的健康风险水平标准(5.0×10-5/a)。广州主城区饮用水中的健康危害个人年平均风险由高至低依次为亚硝酸盐(0.952×10-8/a)>氨氮(1.090×10-9/a)>硝酸盐氮(0.276×10-10/a),且以亚硝酸盐为主;各主城区饮用水的健康危害个人年平均风险由高至低依次为荔湾区>白云区>越秀区>天河区>黄埔区>海珠区。结论广州市主城区饮用水中氨氮、亚硝酸盐污染较严重,但不会对暴露人群引起健康危害。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the content of ammonia,nitrite and nitrate nitrogen in drinking water in main urban area of Guangzhou and assess the potential risks to human health.Methods Liwan district,Yuexiu district,Tianhe district,Baiyun district,Huangpu district and Haizhu district in main area of Guangzhou were taken as the research objects,the water samples were collected by the method of lattice methods in Dec,2010.The content of ammonia nitrogen,nitrite and nitrate nitrogen were determined by Standards Test Methods for Drinking Water Quality and health risk assessment was done.Results The highest contents of ammonia and nitrite in drinking water were 14.40 and 21.83 times of the limits respectively,the disqualified rates of ammonia and nitrite were 50% and 53.3%,respectively,the content of nitrate nitrogen was qualified.The total annual health risk levels ranged from 0.177×10-8 to 2.169×10-8/a for drinking water in urban areas of Guangzhou,and the average risk values was 1.064×10-8/a,which were much lower than the allowance levels recommended by US EPA(5.0×10-5/a).The ranking of the average health risks for drinking water in urban areas of Guangzhou was nitrite(0.952×10-8/a)> ammonia(1.090×10-9/a)>nitrate(0.276×10-10/a),and nitrite was dominant in urban areas.The ranking of the average health risks for drinking water in different districts of Guangzhou was Liwan>Baiyun>Yuexiu>Tianhe>Huangpu>Haizhu district.Conclusion Although the drinking water in Guangzhou has been polluted seriously by ammonia nitrogen,nitrite,the human health risk level to the exposed population is acceptable.更多还原