【摘要】 【目的】掌握观赏南瓜种质资源特点和杂交后代的分离规律,为指导观赏南瓜的育种提供参考。【方法】比较8种观赏南瓜二代自交系(S2)果实的形状、果型指数、颜色及茸毛特点4个性状,计算4个性状的平均数、标准差和变异系数。【结果】从形状看,S2代变异系数最高的是疙瘩,最低为椪柑,F1代最高的是金童,最低为小鸭;从颜色看,S2代变异系数最高的是小鸭,最低为金童,F1代最高的是鸳鸯梨,最低为金星;果型指数S2代变异系数最高的是玉女,最低为椪柑,F1代最高为玉女,最低为龙凤飘;茸毛S2代变异系数最高的是小鸭,最低为金星,F1代最高的是小鸭,最低为椪柑。8种观赏南瓜S2代自交系子实体4个性状中果型指数的变异系数最大,达到70.37%,其次为形状(57.82%)、颜色(54.24%)、茸毛(40.56%)。F1代子实体也以果型指数变异系数最大,为54.61%,其次为颜色(53.15%)、形状(53.15%)、茸毛(30.84%)。【结论】不同形状的观赏南瓜在自交分离时呈现不同的遗传特点,子实体越是形状规则、表面光滑、颜色单一的组合,其后代分离程度就越低,变异系数也越小;越是形状不规则、表面凹凸不平、子实体颜色多样,其后代分离就越广泛。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]This research aimed to study the feature of ornamental pumpkin germplasm resources and the genetic segregation rule of their inbred line generations in order to provide theoretical references for future pumpkin breeding. [Method]The fruit shape, fruit type index, color, and surface fuzziness of 2nd generation inbred lines (S2) derived from eight ornamental pumpkin varieties were compared and analyzed; their average, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation were calculated. [Result]The fruit shape variation coefficient of S2 measured the highest in the pumpkin variety Geda and the lowest in the pumpkin variety Penggan. On the other hand, the fruit shape variation coefficient of F1 shape measured the highest in variety Jintong and the lowest in the variety Xiaoya. In terms of different color variations, the variation coefficient of S2 measured the highest in the variety Xiaoya and the lowest in the variety Jintong. The color variation coefficient of F1 measured the highest in the variety Yuanyangli and the lowest in the variety Jinxing. In terms of fruit type index, the variation coefficient of S2 measured the highest in the variety Yunü and the lowest in the variety Penggan; for F1, the highest variation coefficient was in the variety Yunü and the lowest in Longfengpiao. Lastly, the variation coefficient of surface fuzziness in S2 measured the highest in the variety Xiaoya and the lowest in the variety Jinxing; for F1, surface fuzziness variation coefficient measured the highest in the variety Xiaoya and the lowest in the variety Penggan. Out of the sporocarp of S2 inbred lines, the variation coefficient of fruit type index measured the highest at 70.37%, followed by the shape variation coefficient at 57.82%, color variation coefficient at 54.24%, and surface fuzziness variation coefficient at 40.56%. As for the F1 fruit body, the variation coefficient of fruit type index also measured the highest at 54.61%, followed by the color variation coefficient at 53.15%, shape variation coefficient at 53.15%, and surface fuzziness at 30.84%. [Conclusion]Different ornamental pumpkin varieties present different inheritance characteristics in inbred segregation. If the fruit shapes were more standard, surfaces were smoother, and colors were simpler, then their inbred lines were more stable. On the contrary, if the fruit shapes were more irregular, the surfaces were rough, and colors were polychromatic, their inbred lines segregation were higher.更多还原