【摘要】 目的研究我省已查明饮水型地方性砷中毒病区和高砷区改水降砷防治措施落实和工程运转情况,为进一步落实防治措施提供理论依据。方法本研究于2011年6月采用询问法对陕西省商洛市、汉中市和成阳市每个病区村和高砷水区进行调查,调查改水降砷防治措施落实和工程运转情况,并记录调查人、被调查人的身份和联系方式以便核实;现场查看改水降砷工程水源地,采集水源水水样,采用北京吉天仪器有限公司生产的AFS-930双道原子荧光光度计检测,依据GB5749-2006进行评价。结果在80个自然村或村民小组中,有61个自然村或村民小组已经改水,改水率为76.25%(61/80),未改水的有19个,占23.75%(19/80);检测17份水样,水砷含量在0.000 4～0.008 mg/L之间。结论我省饮水型砷中毒病区和高砷水区基本实施改水降砷,已改水的自然村水砷均符合国家饮用水卫生标准。建议有关部门尽快落实未改水自然村的防治措施,实施全面改水;对于居住分散,一时无法找到合适水源,而现有的供水网络无法纳入的农户,建议实施搬迁,使病区百姓早日脱离高砷危害。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate on the measures taken to prevent the endemic arsenic toxicosis regions and the drinking water project implement in the high-arsenic areas,so as to provide theoretical foundation for further prevention.Methods An inquiry was undertaken in each endemic village and high-arsenic areas in Shangluo City,Hanzhong City,and Xianyang City in June,2011.The inquiry consists of these aspects:measures taken to prevent the endemic arsenic toxicosis regions and the drinking water project implement in the high-arsenic areas with the respondents’ identity and contacts recorded for confirmation;Field observation on the sources for low-arsenic-water project,collected water samples were tested with the instrument dual channel atomic fluorescence photometers AFS-930 and evaluated by GB5749-2006.Results Water supply was improved in 61 villages or villagers’ teams out of 80 ones with the improvement rate 76.25%(61/80),among which 19 villages or villagers’ teams still drank unimproved water,the ratio of which is 23.75%(19/80);Arsenic level tested in 17 water samples was between 0.000 4 and 0.008 mg/L.Conclusion Low-arsenic-water projects were implemented in most endemic arsenic toxicosis regions and high-arsenic areas in Shaanxi Province;The improved water supply was in accordance with national hygiene standard for drinking-water.It is advisable for the departments concerned to carry out prevention measures as soon as possible to improve all-round water supply;for those scattered villagers without access to improved water supply should be relocated to lower their incidence of arsenic toxicosis.更多还原