【摘要】 目的回顾性分析北京地区6年来老年患者临床分离嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌流行概况。方法对北京地区2004-2009年从临床老年患者中分离出的嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌,进行了病例回顾性的调查与分析。结果 1195份嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌中,分离率:呼吸道标本占96.3%,血培养占1.4%,尿培养占1.2%。2004年,左氧氟沙星、复方新诺明耐药率分别是35.7%和14.7%;但2005至2006年趋于平缓,目前无下降的趋势。住院病人的年龄、住院时间、抗生素使用种类等是造成分离率增高的危险因素。临床使用碳青霉烯类药物的治疗与嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的分离呈明显相关趋势。同时只有4%临床医生对实验室反馈报告进行了采纳。结论嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌是正常人群呼吸道的定值菌,该菌已经成为重要的机会致病菌。环境消毒、合理使用抗生素是控制该菌院内感染的有效措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To retrospective analyze the characteristic of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from old patients in Beijing Hospital between 2004 and 2009.MethodsRetrospective investigation pinpoint S.maltophilia in Beijing Hospital from 2004 to 2009 were performed.ResultsIn 1195 S.maltophilia isolates,respiratory specimens accounted for 96.3%,which is the highest,blood samples accounted for 1.4%,urine culture accounted for 1.2%.Meanwhile in all kinds wards,the percentage of intensive care unit(ICU),respiratory care unit(RCU)is the highest proportion.It is effective to prevent the transmission of respiratory by sterilizing for environment and reasonable usage of antibiotics.Avoiding auxiliary equipment such as continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP),trachea cannula,catheterization of vena cava can also play important role in preventing the antibiotic resistant bacteria and iatrogenic transmission.ConclusionIn our retrospective investigation,only 4% of physician give medical care to patients based the microbiology reports,simultaneously,the majority have the medication experience.The S.maltophilia is a vital opportunistic pathogen in nosocomial infection.更多还原