【摘要】 本文通过2005—2010年大气细颗粒物(PM_2.5)及其化学组分在春节燃放烟花期间（除夕及元宵节）的浓度变化特征详细讨论了燃放烟花对西安市PM_2.5的影响和贡献。燃放烟花时段PM_2.5平均质量浓度是其前后一天（非燃放烟花期）的1.3到2.6倍。被认为是烟花燃放标志物的K⁺,MG²⁺和K在燃放烟花时段的浓度超过了其在普通时段浓度的3倍。另外,通过化学质量平衡分析可知,在燃放烟花当天,燃放烟花排放的污染物占PM_2.5质量浓度的13.8%。除此之外,本研究还使用了一种基于烟花标志物K浓度来估算Pb（46.0%）,总碳（TC）（28.0%）,NO₃^-（5.0%）和SO₄^2-（1.7%）受到燃放烟花的贡献百分率的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects and contributions of burning fireworks in Chinese New Year’s Eve and the Lantern Festival on the air quality in Xi’an City were determined from the concentrations of PM_2.5 and their chemical components from 2005 to 2010.The average PM_2.5 mass concentration in firework events was1.3 to 2.6 times higher than those in non-firework days.The concentrations of K⁺,Mg²⁺,and K were over three times higher in fireworks events than those in non-firework days,which were considered as the best fireworks tracers.In addition,chemical mass closure analyses were carried out in firework and non-firework periods.The emissions of fireworks accounted for 13.8%during the firework events.Moreover,a simple method using the concentration of K（fireworks tracer） has been developed to estimate the source contribution of fireworks.It was found that 46.0%of Pb,28.0%of total carbon（TC）,5.0%of NO₃^-,and 1.7%of SO₄^2- in PM_2.5 were contributed from burning fireworks.更多还原