【摘要】 我国自实行改革开放政策以来,新城区开发逐渐成为地方经济建设和城市拓展的主要载体,产生了全局性的影响文中根据主题及驱动力的差异,将新城区开发划分成8种类型,分别为:依托工业园区开发的工业新城;依托大型学校开发的大学城等教育园区;依托新行政中心开发的政务新区;依托大型公共设施开发的奥体新区、会展新区等;依托大型交通设施开发的高铁新区、空港新区、临港新城等;依托大型住区、郊区大盘开发的新城区;基于地方城镇化主题开发的综合性新城或新市镇;近几年涌现的基于新概念开发的新城区,如生态城、知识城等。这些大规模的新城区开发既是支撑我国经济持续高速发展的动力之一,也为快速城镇化提供了新型的城镇聚居空间,同时也衍生了地方发展对房地产经济和土地财政的依赖,并导致了土地等资源的过度消耗及分配格局的失衡、为此提出,基于对中国长期城镇化的预期,新城区开发总体上符合时代趋势,会随着我国城镇化的步伐而进一步发展和成熟。目前,趋紧的经济形势和宏观调控政策,为反思和总结这种发展路径提供了契机。城市规划专业的社会角色也会随之而演变。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since China launched its open-door policies,the development of new urban districts has gradually become a primary area of urban development,and has brought big impacts on the Chinese society.The paper classifies China’s new-urban -district development into eight types,depending on developmental themes and impetus:from industrial parks to new industrial urban districts;from large-scale schools to University City or Education Park;from a new administrative center to City Affairs New Area;from recreational megaprojects such as sports center or exhibition center to new urban districts;from major transport facilities such as high-speed railway stations,airports or seaports to new urban districts;from large-scale suburban real estate settlements to new urban districts;from in situ urbanization to new urban districts;and the emergence of conceptual new urban districts such as eco-city or knowledge-city.These large-scale new urban district development brings many impacts.For example,it upports the rapid economic growth in China,brings about new spaces to accommodate rapid urbanization,creates dependence of the local development on the real estate economy and land finance, increases consumption of critical resources such as land,and worsens social inequality.The current development of new urban districts is consistent with China’s long-term urbanization trajectory and is expected to mature in the future. Given the tightening of overall national economy,it is time to rethink the path of new urban districts development.The paper argues that urban planning profession should adapt to this new social context.更多还原