【摘要】 金属在大气中的腐蚀是发生在三相界面处的复杂反应,相关基础研究明显滞后。把握好大气腐蚀与溶液中的电化学腐蚀之间的区别和联系是研究大气腐蚀的重要方法。大气电化学腐蚀一般受氧的去极化过程控制,金属与其表面层、钝化层及腐蚀产物等可构成一个复杂的氧电极体系,对氧的还原过程产生催化、阻化等不同的作用,进而对金属的腐蚀产生重大影响。从氧电极的观点出发,分别论述了防护-装饰性电镀金属铬表面层及锌表面钝化层对电镀层抗蚀性能的影响;叙述了腐蚀产物和缓蚀剂对铜及其合金的影响,以推动氧电极与金属腐蚀应用基础研究工作的开展。更多还原

【Abstract】 A review is given about the research progress of the catalytic and inhibitive actions of oxygen electrode and their effect on corrosion of metals.The oxygen electrode system has great influence on metal corrosion via catalyzing or inhibiting the process of oxygen reduction.The effects of electroplated chromium layer and zinc passivating layer on coating corrosion resistance are respectively discussed from the viewpoint of oxygen electrode.The effect of corrosion products and inhibitors on the corrosion resistance of Cu and its alloys is briefed with the aim of promoting the applied research of oxygen electrode and metal corrosion.It is pointed out that the corrosion of metals in atmosphere involves complex reactions at the three-phase interfaces,and relevant basic researches are obviously lagging behind.In terms of the study of metal corrosion in atmosphere,it is of significance to well recognize the difference and relationship between atmospheric corrosion and electrochemical corrosion in solution.Namely,the electrochemical corrosion in atmosphere is usually controlled by oxygen depolarization;and metals are able to combine with their surface layers,passivation layers and corroded products forming complex oxygen electrode systems.As a result,the reduction process of oxygen is catalyzed or inhibited,thereby greatly affecting the corrosion behavior of metals.更多还原