【摘要】 目的了解三峡库区血吸虫病潜在流行区改水改厕的情况,比较改水改厕的效果。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,选取三峡库区血吸虫病潜在流行区的4个乡镇作为示范乡镇并对其进行基线调查,在有组织、大规模地进行改水改厕后进行终末调查。结果基线调查共调查4个示范乡镇807户居民,终末调查共调查4个示范乡镇856户居民。改水改厕后居民中使用水厂自来水的普及率由33.58%上升至66.12%,水厂自来水与简易自来水合计普及率由76.33%上升至96.38%,无害化厕所的普及率由53.68%上升至78.85%,与改水改厕前比较,其差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论有组织、大规模地实施改水改厕项目,有效改善了示范乡镇无害化厕所和安全用水情况,减少了三峡库区血吸虫病流行的潜在危险。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To learn the status and compare the effect of improving drinking water and lavatories in potential endemic areas of schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.Methods A cluster random sampling method was adopted and a questionnaire survey was conducted to four selected villages and towns before and after organized and large scale drinking water and lavatories improvement in the potential endemic areas of schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.Results A total of 807 households in four demonstrate villages and towns were investigated for the baseline survey,while 856 households in the same four villages and towns were investigated for the terminal survey.The popularity rate of using tap water from waterworks went up from 33.58% to 66.12%(P=0.000);the summation of popularity rate of using tap water from both waterworks and water tower made by local residents went up from 76.33% to 96.38%(P=0.000);and the popularity rate of using decontaminated lavatories went up from 53.68% to 78.85%(P=0.000).According to Chi-square test,there were significant differences compared with the popularity rate before improvement(P<0.05).Conclusion The condition of intervention villages and towns gets greatly improved through the organized and large scale project of improving water quality and lavatories decontamination,and the potential danger of schistosomiasis is obviously reduced in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.更多还原