【摘要】 研究黄铜矿、黄铁矿、方铅矿等矿物在有/无捕收剂两种情况下的浮选行为,考察浮选与矿浆电位的关系。结果表明:当pH值分别小于4.0时,黄铜矿无捕收剂浮选的电位区间为0~0.9 V;当pH值为4.0或11.0时,矿浆电位大于0.85 V以后,黄铁矿的浮选回收率低于20%;当pH值为11.0时,黄铜矿无捕收剂浮选的矿浆电位区间为0.35~0.85 V。当pH值为10.0、丁黄药浓度为5×10-5 mol/L时,方铅矿浮选的矿浆电位为0.45~0.55 V,而黄铜矿在0.45~0.80 V的电位区间具有良好的浮选性能;对闪锌矿而言,当pH值为9.0时,矿浆电位在-0.40~0.80 V区间都不具有良好的可浮性。在浮选体系中,黄铜矿表面氧化会产生元素S0,当矿浆电位从-0.2V增大至0.6 V,黄铜矿表面氧化产生的元素S的数量逐渐增大,黄铜矿的无捕收剂浮选性能越来越好。从南京和青海2个铅锌矿山的应用情况来看,采用电位调控浮选技术可以大幅度缩短铅矿石的浮选时间,减少浮选机数量。例如在南京某铅锌矿,由于采用电位调控浮选技术,原来2个系列每天处理900 t矿石,现在采用一个系列即可处理。更多还原

【Abstract】 The flotation behaviors of chalcopyrite,pyrite,and sphalerite in the present or absent of collector were studied.The relationship between the floatability and the pulp potential was simulated through flotation test and electrochemical calculation.When the pulp pH value is lower than 4.0,chalcopyrite can be floated in the potential range from 0 to 0.9 V(vs SHE).When the pulp pH value is 4.0 or 11.0,the recovery rate of pyrite is lower than 20% after the potential value is higher than 0.85 V.When the pulp pH value is 11.0,the chalcopyrite can be floated in the potential range from 0.35 V to 0.85 V.When the pulp pH value is 10.0,the galena can be floated when the pulp potential is from 0.45 V to 0.55 V,and the chalcopyrite exhibits strong collector-induced floatability in the pulp potential range from 0.45 V to 0.80 V.Although the potential is adjusted from-0.4 V to 0.8 V,the sphalerite can not be floated at pH 9.0.When the range of potential is from-0.2 V to 0.6 V,the chalcopyrite surface is changed from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity.And in the range of higher potential near 0.6 V,the amount of elemental sulfur(S0) decreases as the potential becomes higher.The recovery of chalcopyrite is in good correspondence with the amount of elemental sulfur(S0) at given pH value.The potential controlled flotation technology has made the Nanjing Lead-Zinc Mine and Xitieshan Lead-Zinc Mine obtain more profits because of the improvement of flotation results and the simplification of flotation separation system,and only one flotation system was used to treat the whole feed of 900 t/d.更多还原