【摘要】 目的对颈动脉分叉区神经结构进行系统解剖学研究,为临床手术操作提供参考依据。方法对10例(20侧)成人头颅标本颈动脉分叉区颈丛神经、脑神经、交感神经的走行、相互关系进行研究,测量其间距,明确其空间分布关系。结果耳大神经与胸锁乳突肌前缘交点到乳突尖的距离为(27.5±5.4)mm。颈横神经与胸锁乳突肌前缘交点到乳突尖的距离为(54.0±6.3)mm。舌下神经与颈袢上根分叉点到颈动脉分叉凹陷部最低点的距离为(8.2±5.0)mm。喉上神经分叉点与颈动脉分叉部凹陷最低点的距离为(8.1±4.2)mm。结论颈动脉分叉区域的神经解剖研究为指导手术操作、保护神经、降低手术并发症提供参考,具有较好的理论和实践意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To systematically study the neural structures in the carotid bifurcate area for providing anatomical parameters for operative procedures.Methods Ten adult head specimen(20 sides) were studied.The course,relationship and spatial distribution of the cervical plexus cutaneous branch,cerebral nerves and sympathetic nerves in the carotid bifurcation area were observed and measured.Results The distance from the intersection of auricular nerve and sternocleidomastoid anterior edge to the mastoidle was 27.5±5.4 mm.The distance from the intersection of the transverse cervical nerve and sternocleidomastoid anterior edge to the mastoidle was 54.0±6.3 mm.The distance from the bifurcation of the hypoglossal nerve and the superior root of the ansa cervicalis to the lowest depression of the carotid bifurcation area was 8.2±5.0 mm.The distance from the bifurcation of superior laryngeal nerve to the lowest depression of the carotid bifurcation area was 8.1±4.2 mm.Conclusions Neuroanatomical study of the carotid bifurcate area provides the reference for guiding operation,protecting the nerves and reducing surgical complications,thus possessing good theoretical and practical meaning.更多还原