【摘要】 为了进一步明确油菜生态型不育系373S的败育时期和特点,利用透射电镜对373S不育系及其正常可育系小孢子发生的超微结构进行了比较观察。结果表明:373S小孢子发育从花粉母细胞时期就开始出现异常。其特点是花粉母细胞时期,细胞质发生皱缩,核膜不明显;四分体时期,小孢子内出现大量小液泡,亚细胞结构不能区分。内质网遍布绒毡层细胞内;花粉发育到单核期时,花粉外壁加厚正常,但细胞质明显浓缩,细胞内质网分布广泛,但是高尔基体稀疏或基本上全部消失。小孢子发育的整个过程中,都伴随着细胞核核膜的降解;在单核晚期未发现大液泡的形成;绒毡层细胞中高尔基体显著减少,内质网逐渐增多,但线粒体未观察到异常,到成熟花粉期,花粉粒只剩下花粉空壳。更多还原

【Abstract】 To identify anther abortion period and character of 373S,Electronic Microscope was employed to observe the microspore genesis difference between the male sterile line 373S and fertile line at subcellular level.The result showed that anther abortion started from the pollen mother cells stage.Cytoplasm of pollen mother cell was shrinking and no clear karyotheca was observed;At tetrad stage,a lot of small vacuolar were found in the microspore,and the subcellular structure was not clear.Endoplasmic reticulum was widely distributed in tapetum cell;At uninucleate stage.When pollen was developing,pollen wall thicken normally,but cytoplasm was obviously concentrated,endoplasmic reticulum was widely distributed in the pollen cytoplasm,but Golgi complex was rare or even disappear.Along the microspore genesis,degeneration of karyotheca was always found.No big vacuole was formed at the monokaryotic stage.In the tapetum cells,the endoplasmic reticulum was widely distributed,and Golgi complex was decreased in its number,however,the mitochondrial abnormalities were not observed.At mature stage,only hollowed pollen was left.更多还原