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湖南省不同区域早稻施磷效应及土壤速效磷丰缺指标研究

Study on Response of Early Rice to P Application and Abundance and Deficiency Indices of Soil Available P in different Regions of Hunan Province

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【作者】 鲁艳红廖育林黄铁平罗尊长鲁剑巍

【Author】 Lu Yanhong 1,2,3 , Liao Yulin 1,2,3 , Huang Tieping 4 , Luo Zunchang 1 , Lu Jianwei 5 ( 1 Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute , Changsha 410125; 2 College of Resources and Environment , Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128; 3 Key Field Monitoring Experimental Station for Reddish Paddy Soil Eco-environment in Wangcheng , Ministry of Agriculture of China , Changsha 410125; 4 Soil and Fertilizer Station of Hunan Province , Changsha 410005; 5 College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070)

【机构】 湖南省土壤肥料研究所湖南农业大学资源与环境学院农业部望城水稻土生态环境重点野外观测实验站湖南省土壤肥料工作站华中农业大学资源与环境学院

【摘要】 为研究施磷对早稻产量及经济效应的影响,并建立湖南省早稻土壤速效磷的丰缺指标,于2005—2008年在湖南省双季稻主产区按湘北、湘中—湘东及湘南3个区域共布置120个磷肥早稻田间试验。结果表明,早稻施磷具有明显的增产效果及经济效应,增产及增收效果均表现为:湘东—湘中丘陵、中低山区>湘北环洞庭湖平原、低山丘陵区>湘南中低山、丘陵区。研究还表明土壤速效磷对施磷增产效应及经济效益有显著影响,施磷增产幅度及经济回报均随土壤速效磷含量的提高而降低。早稻种植体系中,湘北区土壤速效磷"低"、"中"、"高"丰缺指标分别为<8.8mg/kg、8.8mg/kg~26.1mg/kg和>26.1mg/kg;湘东—湘中区为<9.3mg/kg、9.3mg/kg~26.1mg/kg和>26.1mg/kg;湘南为<4.0mg/kg、4.0mg/kg~19.4mg/kg和>19.4mg/kg。全省严重缺磷土壤较少,土壤磷素主要为中等水平,有15%左右的土壤速效磷含量较高。

【Abstract】 120 field trails of phosphate fertilizer (P) application on early rice were conducted in main double-rice cropping regions of Hunan Province during 2005 to 2008. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of P on early rice yield and profit, and to determine abundance and deficiency indices of soil available P. The results showed that P fertilizer application significantly increased early rice yield and profit compared with no P application. The ranking order of yield increase and profit rate among three study areas were the east-central region > the north region > the south region. Soil available P content significantly affected response in yield and profit with P application, and there were significantly negative correlations between yield increment, VCR and soil available P. The low, medium, high indices for soil available P in the north region were < 8.8 mg/kg, 8.8-26.1 mg/kg and > 26.1 mg/kg, and in the east-central region were < 9.3 mg/kg, 9.3-26.1 mg/kg and > 26.1mg/kg, and in the south region were < 4.0 mg/kg, 4.0-19.4 mg/kg and > 19.4 mg/ kg, respectively. The content of available P in the main area of whole province were at medium level, and in 15% of the whole area were at high level, only in small area were at low level.

【基金】 国家“十一五”科技支撑计划—长江中下游水旱轮作区高效施肥关键技术研究与示范(2008BADA4B08);湖南省农业科学院科技创新项目(2010hnnkycx56)
  • 【文献出处】 中国农学通报 ,Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin , 编辑部邮箱 ,2011年05期
  • 【分类号】S511.31
  • 【被引频次】14
  • 【下载频次】205
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