【摘要】 目的:考察"双子叶植物的脉岛中有叶脉自由末梢突入,而单子叶植物则无"的命题的正确性,以及在此基础上建立的鉴别原则的可靠性。方法:用常规显微鉴别法对9个科共14种药用单子叶植物以及3个科各1种药用双子叶植物进行观测。结果:姜科、百部科、禾本科、百合科、兰科、泽泻科、薯蓣科、天南星科等8个单子叶植物的科中,均有一些植物的脉岛中存在叶脉自由末梢(共计10种植物)。单子叶植物鸢尾科的鸢尾、射干以及禾本科的白茅、薏苡等均未发现有叶脉自由末梢。阴香、板栗、杧果等3种双子叶植物均有叶脉自由末梢。其中阴香仅少数脉岛中有叶脉自由末梢,板栗的叶脉自由末梢易被非腺毛遮挡。结论:"单子叶植物的脉岛中无自由末梢"的命题不具备普适性,"以有无叶脉自由末梢来区别双子叶与单子叶植物叶类生药"的原则并不可靠。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To observe and study the correctness of the proposition dicot have free vein termination but monocot have not.To evaluate the reliability of the identification principle that is based on above proposition.Method:Fourteen species of pharmaceutical monocot come from 9 families and 3 species of pharmaceutical dicot come from 3 families were observed by using the method of microscopic identification.Result:The free vein termination existed in the vein-islets of 10 species of monocot from 8 families,Zingiberaceae,Stemonaceae,Gramineae,Liliaceae,Orchidaceae,Alismataceae,Dioscoreaceae and Araceae ect,and it was not to find the free vein termination in monocot Iris tectorum,Belamcanda chinensis(Fam.Iridaceae) and Imperata cylindrica,Coix lacryma-jobi(Fam.Gramineae).Three species dicot,Cinnamomum burmannii,Castanea mollissima,Mangifera indica,all had the free vein termination.The free vein termination of C.burmannii was sparse,and C.mollissima’s was usually covered by non-glandular hair.Conclusion: The proposition is not universally applicable,monocot have no free vein termination.The identification principle is unreliable,which distinguish between medicinal dicot and monocot leaves according to whether the free vein termination exists or not.更多还原