【摘要】 目的分析2004-2009年永嘉县麻疹流行病学特征,探索有效防控措施,为预防保健工作提供科学依据。方法 将病例资料导入Excel 2003和SPSS 10.0统计软件及DPS 12.01版数据处理系统,并运用圆形分布法进一步研究疾病的时间分布特征。利用Poisson分布的μ检验分析疾病分布的性别差异。用描述流行病学分析方法对麻疹发病的时间、年龄和性别等人群分布特点进行分析。结果 2004-2009年累计报告麻疹病例1 063例,年平均报告发病率为19.50/10万,2008年达47.59/10万;发病的高峰日在4月中下旬,高峰期为1月24日~7月11日,发病呈一定的季节性;男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.885,P<0.05),男性发病率高于女性;≤8月龄婴儿和成人麻疹患者发病人数在总患病人数中比例上升,各占约25%左右。结论 近年来麻疹疫情有所回升,2008年本地区麻疹呈高发流行态势。≤8月龄婴儿和成人麻疹患者发病人数在总患病人数中比例上升,高发季节向后推移。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the clinical epidemiology of sporadic measles in Yongjia county,Zhejiang,and to explore effective measures for measles prevention.Methods The data of clinical measles were collected in Microsoft Excel 2003,and were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 and DPS12.01 data analysis systems.The method of circular distribution was used to analyze the time of disease occurrences.Poisson distribution and and U-check methods were applied to the incidence difference of measles between males and females.The method of descriptive epidemiology was applied to seasonal trend and the general characteristics of measles occurred between 2004 and 2009.Results There were 1 063 clinical cases of measles in Yongjia County between 2004 and 2009.The average annual rate of measles was 19.5/lakh.The highest rate of measles infection(47.59/lakh) was observed in 2008.Measles seasons were between February and July,and the highest incidence rate of measles occurred in the middle of April.Infants under 8 months of age and teenage children over 15 years old were main population for the disease,which had 25% of total cases.The incidence rate of measles was higher in male than in female(u=3.885,P<0.05).Conclusion Measles cases had a trend of increase with an outbreak in 2008 in Yongjia County.Intervention measures have to be taken for infants under 8 months of age and residents over 18 years old,especially in the seasons of spring and summer.更多还原