【摘要】 目的:探讨早期防治产后抑郁、促进儿童心理发育的方法和效果。方法:在围产期门诊按单、双号随机将首诊妊娠妇女分为实验组和对照组,对实验组216名孕妇进行系统心理保健,183名对照组孕妇为一般保健,采用Zung氏抑郁自评量表(SDS)监测两组妇女的情绪问题,用丹佛智能发育筛查表(DDST)监测两组儿童的智能发育,用Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL2～3岁家长用)评价儿童的行为发育。结果:实验组比对照组产妇产后不同时期抑郁状态的发生率(χ2=40.35～4.81,P<0.05～0.01)和抑郁症的患病率(3.7%/10.38%,χ2=7,P<0.01)均低,差异有统计学意义。两组儿童各年龄阶段DDST结果可疑和异常的人数的发生率(χ2=6.8～4.6,P<0.05～0.01)差异有统计学意义。儿童2岁时行为问题发生率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=16.3,P<0.01),儿童行为部分因子分之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。入学前CBCL和感觉统合失调的发生率差异也有统计学意义(χ2=6.83,χ2=7.10,P<0.01)。结论:提示在儿童心理保健门诊对妇女进行有计划有目的的心理健康教育、情绪评定和及时的综合心理治疗,不仅有利于防治产后抑郁,对儿童近远期的生存质量、心理发育水平也有明显的促进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To explore the methods and effects of early prevention and treatment of postpartum depression,promote psychological development of children.Methods:The pregnant women visiting outpatient clinic of the hospital for the first time were divided into experimental group and control group according to their medical numbers,216 pregnant women in experimental group received systematical psychological health care,and 183 pregnant women in control group received conventional health care.Zung SDS was used to monitor the emotional problems of the two groups,DDST was used to monitor the mental development of the two groups,Achenbach CBCL(used for children aged 2~3 years old) was used to evaluate the behavioral development of the two groups.Results:The incidences of postpartum depression condition at different periods(χ2=40.35~4.81,P<0.05~0.01) and postpartum depression(3.7%/10.38%,χ2=7,P<0.01) in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group.There was significant difference in the incidences of suspicious and abnormal DDST results between the two groups(χ2=6.8~4.6,P<0.05~0.01).There was significant difference in the incidence of behavioral problems among the children aged 2 years old between the two groups(χ2=16.3,P<0.01).There was significant difference in the scores of partial behavioral factors between the two groups(P<0.05).There was significant difference in CBCL and incidence of sensory integration disorder before entering a school between the two groups(χ2=6.83,χ2=7.10,P<0.01).Conclusion:Planned and purposeful psychological health education,emotional assessment,timely and comprehensive psychological treatment among the women visiting outpatient clinic of children psychological health care are helpful to prevent and treat postpartum depression and promote the short-term and long-term quality of life and the level of psychological development.更多还原