【摘要】 以君子兰(Clivia miniata Regel.)品种‘胜利’为试材,采用一种新型外植体未成熟胚,利用秋水仙素与组织培养相结合的方法,研究秋水仙素浓度、处理时间和不同胚龄对未成熟胚诱导加倍的影响。结果表明:在MS+NAA 2.0 mg.L-1+BA 1.5 mg.L-1培养基上,0.01%秋水仙素处理180 d胚龄的未成熟胚20 d诱变效果最佳,四倍体诱变率最高,达30.8%,形态变化率达36.5%,死亡率为34.1%。经0.03%秋水仙素处理120 d胚龄的未成熟胚30 d诱变效果也较好,四倍体诱变率较高,达24.0%,形态变化率达21.1%,死亡率为46.7%。经染色体数观察,加倍处理后代中存在2x、4x和混倍体植株。随机调查了267株加倍处理植株,得到30株四倍体(2n=4x=44)、194株二倍体(2n=2x=22)和43株混倍体,平均四倍体诱变率为11.2%。秋水仙素处理出现的植株生长缓慢,生根明显较晚,叶片变宽变短等形态变化可以作为加倍的初期有效判断指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 The immature embryos of Clivia miniata Regel.‘Shengli’were used as the explants to induce polyploid plants via colchicine treatment combined with tissue culture.The effects of colchicine concentration,treatment duration and embryo age on inducing polyploid plants were studied.The results showed that culturing 180 d immature embryos for 20 d on MS + NAA 2.0 mg.L-1 + BA 1.5 mg.L-1containing 0.01% colchicine was the most effective treatment,with 30.8% tetraploid induction rate,36.5% morphological change rate and 34.1% death rate.The treatment was also excellent that culturing 120 d immature embryos for 30 d on the same medium containing 0.03% colchicine with the induction rate of tetraploid 24.0%,morphological change rate of 21.1% and death rate of 46.7%.Among 267 colchicine-inducing plantlets checked,30 were tetraploid(2n = 4x = 44),194 diploid(2n = 2x = 22)and 43 mixoploid.The average tetraploid-induced rate was 11.2%.In tube stage,the characteristics of slower growth,later and shorter roots,and wider and thicker leaves could be regarded as the available estimation indexes to the colchicine-induced tetraploid plants.更多还原