【摘要】 目的对柳州市开设的美沙酮维持治疗门诊流程进行评估,了解就诊者对美沙酮维持治疗的认知、需求及疗效分析,为今后开设更多治疗点提供科学依据。方法在开设的3个美沙酮维持治疗门诊中随机抽取运行28个月后的门诊,采用自制问卷对美沙酮医务人员及就诊者进行问卷调查。结果美沙酮维持治疗门诊诊室的功能分区、布局、人员、工作流程均符合国家对美沙酮维持治疗门诊设置的要求,就诊条件简单快捷。电视/报刊等大众媒体和亲戚朋友介绍是知晓美沙酮维持治疗主要途径;认为美沙酮是人为戒毒的占27.5%,是海洛因的替代品的占72.5%;选择维持治疗是为了彻底摆脱海洛因的占83.9%;接受美沙酮治疗后完全拒食海洛因的占51.5%;服用美沙酮最高剂量120.0mL,最低5.0mL,平均服用剂量43.9mL;治疗保持时间在1~14月间平均每月服用美沙酮剂量波动幅度较大,范围在28.3~66.0mL之间,保持时间达15个月以上服用美沙酮剂量趋于平稳,范围在40.4~22.5mL之间;自觉服用美沙酮口服液无任何副作用的占47.5%;门诊就诊者保持率为61.0%,维持治疗保持13月以上的占38.5%;保持2年以上的只有1.0%;接受治疗后共用注射器、多性伴等高危行为减少、偷盗违法行为下降,就业率增加。结论在我国的海洛因依赖者中实施美沙酮维持治疗计划是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To estimate the methodon maintaning treatment outpatient service process of Liuzhou,and understand cognition,needs and treatment effect analysis,and provide scientific basis for establishing more outpatient services in the future.Method Randomly selecting 1 clinic from 3 which lasting more than 28 months.The medical staffs and patients were investigation by self-made questionnaire.Results The layout,functional districts,medical staffs and workflow are all met the requirement of nation standards,which provide an easy way to see a doctor.The main methods to know the methadon maintaning treatment are from public media such as TV,newspapers and magazines,and their relatives and friends.The comments of methadon maintaning treatment are as follows:27.5% of people think it is one kind of compulsory drug addiction rehabilitation,and 72.5% thinks methadon is a surrenal of heroin.83.92% of the people choice methadon for helping them go away from heroin,51.5% of them has succeed from heroin after MMT treatment,among them the highest dose of methadon is 120.0mL,and the lowest dose is 5.0mL,and the average dose is 43.9mL.The fluctuating range of average month methadon taking for treatiment time between 1 to 14 month is from 28.33 to 66mL.while,15 month and above,the fluctuating range is between 40.4 to 22.5mL.The rate of no side effect to the oral administration of methadon is 47.5%,the clinic visiting conservation rate is 61.0%,but the 13 months clinic visiting rate is 38.5%,while the 2 years clinic visiting rate is 1.0%.The rates of sharing syringe,high risk behaviors of partners and thief were reduced,and the employment rate was growing.Conclusions It is practical to administrate MMT to the heroin relier in China.更多还原