【摘要】 目的评价氯硝柳胺泥敷灭螺在四川省大山区应用的效果。方法用50%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿粉剂,在凉山州高山峡谷型和高原平坝型血吸虫病流行区的春季或秋季进行泥敷和喷洒灭螺,采用灭螺前各环境抽查钉螺50框,再用6 g/m2和2 g/m2的剂量泥敷和喷洒,比较灭螺前和灭螺后30 d的钉螺死亡率、钉螺密度等结果,并观察钉泥敷灭螺1年后的远期效果。结果泥敷灭螺优于喷洒灭螺,灭螺30 d后有螺面积下降率分别为81.45%和52.86%,钉螺平均密度下降率分别为98.23%和73.56%.泥敷灭螺的钉螺死亡率在96.64%～100%之间,有螺环境下降率为57.97%;1年后的钉螺密度平均下降超过80%以上。结论氯硝柳胺泥敷灭螺法具有药效持续时间长,对土表钉螺、土内钉螺、螺卵都有效好的灭螺效果,建议在现场泥敷灭螺中使用6g/m2的剂量较为适宜。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the application effect of soil pasting mixed with niclosamide in mountain areas in Sichuan province.Methods In mountainous canyon areas and plain areas of plateau region in Liangshan,soil pasting and spraying were used with 50% concentration niclosamide for snail control in schistosomiasis endemic areas in spring or autumn.Fifty Kuangs(1 Kuang=0.1m2) were sample surveyed in each environment site before using molluscicide.Then soil pasting mixed with niclosamide and spraying with niclosamide were carried out,the dosages of soil pasting and spraying were 6g/m2 and 2 g/m2 respectively.The mortality rate and density of snail before and after using molluscicide were compared,and the further effect in soil pasting group was followed for one year.Results The effect of soil pasting was betterr than spraying,the decrease rates of snail area were 81.45% and 52.86% respectively after 30 days,and the average decrease rates of snail density were 98.23% and 73.56% respectively.In soil pasting group,the mortality rate of snail was from 96.64% to 100% and the decrease rate of snail environment sites was 57.97%,the average decrease rate of snail density was more than 80% in soil pasting group after one year.Conclusion Soil pasting mixed with niclosamide could keep the effect of molluscicide for a long time,the control effect on snails and snail eggs is good,for snails both inside and outside soil,and the dosage of 6g/m2 in soil pasting mixed with niclosamide is suggested in snail control in field work.更多还原