【摘要】 目的实验室与现场评价26%四聚.杀螺胺悬浮剂(MNSC)杀螺效果。方法采用浸杀法和喷洒法,评价实验室和现场不同时段施用MNSC对钉螺的杀灭效果,并设50%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂(WPN)和清水对照。结果室内浸杀:MNSC浸泡钉螺24 h半数致死浓度(LC50值)为0.058 3 mg/L,低于WPN的0.094 7 mg/L;2.0 mg/L和1.0mg/L MNSC溶液浸杀钉螺24、48 h和72 h,钉螺死亡率均为100%。室内喷洒:MNSC剂量>1.0 g/m2,3 d和7 d钉螺死亡率均>97%。现场浸杀:使用2 g/m3MNSC现场浸杀灭螺24、48 h和72 h钉螺死亡率,湖北、安徽2省分别为97.78%～100%和97.50%～100%,WPN则分别为98.89%～100%和97.56%～100%;江苏省则均为100%。现场喷洒:江苏、湖北省和安徽省喷洒MNSC后1、3 d和7 d,钉螺死亡率分别为83.12%～94.64%、67.81%～86.67%和72.80%～100%,使用WPN后钉螺死亡率分别为78.40%～86.11%、77.27%～87.50%和83.81%～98.51%;湖南省现场喷洒MN-SC和WPN后7 d,钉螺死亡率分别为94.94%和94.20%,喷洒后15 d,钉螺死亡率分别为86.67%和89.38%。结论无论在室内还是现场,MNSC浸泡和喷洒杀螺效果基本和WPN一致,均具有较好的杀螺效果,且MNSC在使用过程中水溶性好,分散快,使用方便,是一种值得推广的新型灭螺药。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of suspension concentrate of 26% metaldehyde and niclosamide(MNSC) in laboratory and field.Methods The experiment of MNSC against Oncomelania snails were performed by immersion and spray methods with different time in laboratory and field,and the wettable powder of 50% niclosamide ethanolamine salt(WPN) and fresh water were set as the controls.Results In laboratory,by immersion method(immersion for 24 h),LC50 of MNSC was 0.058 3 mg/L,which was lower than 0.094 7 mg/L of WPN.For the concentrations of 2.0 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L of MNSC by immersion method(immersion for 24,48 h and 72 h,respectively),the death rates of snails were all 100%.In laboratory,by the spray method,the snail death rates were higher than 97% on the 3rd and 7th day when the dosage of MNSC was higher than 1.0 g/m2.In the field,by the immersion method,the snail death rates of MNSC(2 g/m3) for 24,48 h and 72 h were 97.78%-100% in Hubei Province and 97.50%-100% in Anhui Province,respectively,the rates of WPN were 98.89%-100% and 97.56%-100%,respectively,and the snail death rates of MNSC and WPN were both 100% in Jiangsu Province.In the field,by the spray method,the snail death rates of MNSC for 1,3 d and 7 d were 83.12%-94.64% in Jiangsu Province,67.81%-86.67% in Hubei Province and 72.80%-100% in Anhui Province,respectively.The snail death rates of WPN for 1,3 d and 7 d were 78.40%-86.11%,77.27%-87.50% and 83.81%-98.51%,respectively.In Hunan Province,the snail death rates of MNSC and WPN after spraying for 7 d were 94.94% and 94.20%,respectively,after spraying for 15 d,the rates were 86.67% and 89.38%,respectively.Conclusions The molluscicidal effect of MNSC is as the same as WPN by immersion and spray methods in laboratory and field.MNSC has the characteristics of good water solubility,quick dispersing and easy using.In addition,the efficiency component of MNSC is half of WPN.So MNSC is a novel form of molluscicide which is worthy of promotion in field.更多还原