【摘要】 试验对川西北高原老芒麦种子落粒性与种子发育期及产量性状关系进行比较分析。结果表明:盛花期后20～22 d为落粒起始时间;落粒有种柄脱落与小穗柄脱落两种途径,但种柄脱落占主导地位;灌浆期、乳熟期、蜡熟期、完熟期持续时间分别为4～6d、4～6 d、6～8 d、6～8 d,落粒率分别为4.73%、20.78%、75.67%、87.73%;种子发育中、后期倒伏植株的落粒率低且千粒重大;落粒起始时间与植株高度和小花柄直径呈显著负相关;乳熟前期(26 d)落粒受种群密度与枝条直径影响大,种子芒长是此阶段落粒的主要因素(R=0.9971);蜡熟期(32～36 d)植株越高、枝条越细、小穗数/枝越少、小花数/枝越多则落粒越大,而花序柄长度与直径越大则落粒性显著降低;到成熟期落粒性与种群密度与枝条直径呈显著负相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the study,Elymus sibiricus L.cv.chuancao No.2 was used as test material of seed yield in Northwestern of Sichuan.And the relationship of seed shattering,seed development stage and yield traits were compared and analyzed.The results showed that: the seed began to shatter at 20-22 d after flowering stage.Seed shattering had two ways,namely shattering with seedstalk and no spikelet pedicel,but shattering with seedstalk was primary.To different phenophase,there was a difference between the duration time and shattered rate,with 4-6 d of filling stage,4-6 d of milky stage,6-8 d of ripening stage and 6-8 d of full ripening stage.When the phenological phase developped from the filling stage to milky stage,to ripening stage and to full ripening stage,the shattered rate arrived at 4.73 %,20.78 %,75.67 %,87.73 %,respectively.While seed was almost mature,the lodged plant got low shattered rate and large 1000-seed weight.The beginning and ending time of seed shattering had a significantly negative correlation to the height of plant and diameter of pedicel.In the early milky stage(26 d after flowering),the density of population and diameter of stalk clearly affected seed shattering,but the length of awn was the main factor to bring about seed shattering(R=0.9971).In the ripening stage(32-36 d after flowering),the higher was the plant,the finer branch,the less spikelets/branch,and the more florets/branch,the more were the number of shattered seed.And bigger length and diameter of pedicel significant reduced the number of shed seeds.In the full ripening stage,the seed shattering had significantly negative correlation to the density of population and diameter of stalk.更多还原