【摘要】 农田污染是农业非点源污染重最主要的污染源,而土地利用方式又是影响非点源污染的关键因素。本文分别对生活污水、畜禽养殖、农田地表径流、水稻田排水、村镇地表径流和渔业养殖等6种非点源污染,采用等标污染排放法,并选取COD、NH3-H、TN和TP作为评价因子,对宁夏灵武农场的污染源进行调查和分析。结果表明:灵武农场各种污染物日排放量达到169万kg,其中COD的排放量占84.1%,6种污染源中地表径流占45.26%;TN和TP是主要污染因子,占60%以上,其中畜禽养殖污染源的TP达82.09%;若按照国标Ⅳ类水质要求,日等标总排放率将达3.28亿m3。根据灵武农场污染特点,提出了改善农村产业结构、发展生态农业和推进科学养殖等防治对策,实现无污染排放。更多还原

【Abstract】 Farmland pollution is the main pollution source of non-point source pollution in agriculture and the type of land use is the key factor to affect non-point source pollution.Taking the method of the same-standard pollution emission coefficient,this paper surveied and analyzed the different pollution sources of domestic sewage,livestock breeding,agricultural runoff,rice field drainage,villages runoff and fishery at Lingwu farm of Ningxia province by selecting COD、NH3-H、TN and TP as evaluated factors.The results show that the amount of various pollutants reach 1.69 million kg/a,in which COD accounts for 84.1% and surface runoff accounts for 45.26%,and TN and TP are the main pollution factors since they account for more than 60%.Also TP from livestock breeding reaches 82.09%.In accordance with National Standard Grade Ⅳ,the total emission rate per day would reach 328 million m3.According to the characteristics of non-point source pollution,this paper took measures to improve the rural industrial structure,to promote ecological agriculture and scientific breed aquatics and etc,to achieve non-pollution emission.更多还原