【摘要】 以8个西北地区(甘肃、青海)水、旱地种植的地方品种和现代品种为材料,以田间持水量的70%和40%2个土壤含水量为处理,进行盆栽试验,研究不同春小麦品种在不同水分条件下氮效率的差异。结果表明,不同品种籽粒产量、收获指数、抗旱指数、地上干物质氮利用效率、籽粒氮运转效率以及籽粒氮利用效率在不同水分条件下表现出明显的不一致性。其中,旱地地方品种和尚头和旱地现代品种定西24在水分胁迫下具有较高的籽粒产量、抗旱指数和地上干物质氮利用效率,而且其收获指数相对于对照增幅较大;水旱两用现代品种高原602在正常水分条件下具有籽粒氮高效利用特性;无论在70%还是40%水分处理下,旱地地方品种大麦子都表现出较高的地上干物质氮利用效率,现代品种青春533都保持较高的籽粒氮运转效率。与70%水分处理相比,在40%水分处理下,大部分品种籽粒氮利用效率呈下降趋势,品种间差异性小,且籽粒氮利用效率与抗旱指数呈正相关。水分胁迫极显著地限制小麦籽粒氮利用效率,并且在水分胁迫下各品种间氮利用特性的差异性显著降低。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the difference of nitrogen efficiency of different spring wheat varieties under different water levels,as well to select high nitrogen efficient germplasm resources,a pot experiment with eight modern spring wheat varieties or landraces collected from irrigated or rain-fed fields of Northwest China(Gansu,Qinghai) and were carried out under two field capacity water levels of 70% and 40% in this study.The results showed that grain yield,harvest index,drought resistance index,nitrogen utilization rate of supraterraneous dry material,nitrogen translocation and utilization rates of grain among the eight varieties under the two levels of field water were quite different.Modern variety Dingxi 24 and dryland landrace Heshangtou had higher harvest index,grain yield,drought resistance index and nitrogen utilization rate of supraterraneous dry material under water stress than the control;the irrigated-and-dry-farmland dual-purpose variety Plateau 602 had higher grain nitrogen utilization rate under the control water level;The dryland landrace Damaizi had higher nitrogen utilization rate of supraterraneous dry material,while the modern variety Qingchun 533 had grain higher nitrogen translocation rate under both water levels.The grain nitrogen utilization rate in the majority of varieties decreased under the field water decreasing from 70% to 40%.The variation of grain nitrogen utilization rate among varieties under 40% field water was less than that under 70% field water;Besides,The grain nitrogen utilization rate was positively related to drought resistance index under 40% field water.The results revealed that the wheat grain nitrogen utilization rate under drought condition was significantly limited by water stress,and variation of grain nitrogen utilization rate among varieties decreased largely under drought condition.更多还原