【摘要】 为获得珠江三角洲地区蔬菜中微量元素的合理用量,通过在2地进行3种蔬菜施镁、硼、钼的田间试验,研究三种元素不同配比对三种蔬菜的影响。结果显示:(1)不同品种的蔬菜对中微量元素的需求量不同;相同品种蔬菜在不同地点土壤上的施镁、硼、钼肥效应不同;相同蔬菜镁、硼、钼配施比单独使用的施用量可大幅度减少,尤其是硼和钼可减少50%。(2)在施氮磷钾基础上单独施用镁、硼、钼,菜心的Mg适施量约为13.350～15.750 kghm-2;B的适施量约为0.990～1.065 kghm-2;Mo的适施量为0.375～0.420 kg hm-2。蒜青的Mg适施量约为1.500 kg hm-2;B的适施量约为0.450 kg hm-2;Mo的适施量为0.240 kg hm-2。苦瓜的施硼适用量范围在1.050 kg hm-2左右。(3)在施氮磷钾基础上镁、硼、钼配合施用,菜心的Mg适施量约为12.000 kghm-2、B适施量约为0.450 kghm-2、Mo适施量约为0.240 kghm-2;苦瓜的Mg适施量约为12.000～18.000 kghm-2、B适施量约为0.450～1.800 kg hm-2、Mo适施量为0.120～0.240 kg hm-2;蒜青的B和Mo适用量分别为0.900 kg hm-2和0.210 kg hm-2、镁的施用量则应<1.350 kg hm-2。(4)镁和硼的施用量不仅受试验地土壤交换性镁和有效硼含量水平的影响,还与土壤pH值和蔬菜目标产量有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Flowering Chinese cabbage(Brassica parachinensis Bailey),Garlic Plants(Allium Sativum L.) and Balsam pear(Momordica charantia L.) were main vegetables in southern China.The field experiments were carried out to study the rational application rates of magnesium,boron and molybdenum on these three vegetables in two soils.The results showed that:(1) The demands of middle-element and microelement varied between different varieties of vegetables,and the effects of Mg,B and Mo fertilizers on the same variety of vegetable also changed between different soils.The usage of middle-element and microelement could be reduced in the condition of combing Mg,B and Mo fertilizers,especially for B and Mo,which could be cut down by 50%,respectively.(2) In combination with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,as for flowering Chinese cabbage,the optimal application rate of Mg was 13.350-15.750 kg hm-2,B was 0.990-1.065 kg hm-2,and Mo was 0.375-0.420 kg hm-2;as for garlic plants,the optimal application rate of Mg was 1.500 kg hm-2,B was 0.450 kg hm-2,and Mo was 0.240 kg hm-2;as for Balsam pear,the optimal application rate of B was 1.050 kg hm-2.(3) Under the conditions of combining N,P,K,Mg,Mo and B fertilizers,as for Flowering Chinese cabbage,the optimal application rate of Mg was 12.000 kg hm-2,B was 0.450 kg hm-2,and Mo was 0.240 kg hm-2;as for balsam pear,the optimal application rate of Mg was between 12.000-18.000 kg hm-2,B was between 0.450-1.800 kg hm-2,and Mo was between 0.120-0.240 kg hm-2;as for Garlic Plant,B was 0.900 kg hm-2,Mo was 0.210 kg hm-2,and Mg should be lower than 1.350 kg hm-2.(4) The optimum application rates of B and Mo were not only affected by the tested soil exchangeable Mg and available B contents,but also correlated with soil pH and target yield.更多还原