【摘要】 以国家潮土肥力与肥料效益监测基地的长期施肥试验为基础,从土壤团聚体微域环境的角度研究潮土不同团聚体中磷的形态及含量对单施化肥和化肥配施有机肥的响应。结果表明:(1)潮土土壤团聚体主要分布在0.25～5mm范围,占土壤总重量的60.72%～77.99%;其次为>5mm团聚体;<0.25mm团聚体占的比例最低,仅为7.09%～13.68%。化肥处理0.25～5mm团聚体重量比例(60.72%)显著低于其余处理的重量比例(71.5%～77.99%),而>5mm团聚体重量比例(25.82%)显著高于其余地块的重量比例(11.90%～19.98%);在长期施用有机肥的处理(MNPK和1.5MNPK)中,<0.25mm的团聚体重量比例(7.09%)相比不施肥的(13.68%)降低了6.37%,0.25～5mm团聚体比例却增高5.95%。(2)不同粒径团聚体,施肥可显著提高有效磷、有机磷和无机磷的含量,增加幅度从大到小均依次为1.5MNPK,MNPK,NPK;全磷中无机磷所占比例(88.25%～92.67%)要远远高于有机磷所占比例(7.33%～11.75%)。(3)潮土有机磷组分,MLOP含量最高,所占比重也最大(65.97%～70.29%),MSOP居中,LOP和HSOP含量和比重最小。而作为主要形态的MLOP在各施肥处理中的含量由低到高依次为CK,NPK,MNPK,1.5MNPK;潮土中的无机磷组分里,Ca10-P含量最高,所占比重也最大(42.6%～66.8%),然后依次是Ca8-P,Al-P,O-P,Ca2-P和Fe-P。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article studied the influence of long-term localized fertilization on distribution of soil aggregates and phosphorus forms in fluvo-aquic soil.The results showed that:(1)The main weight body of fluvo-aquic soil aggregate was 0.25~5 mm(60.72%~77.99%),followed by >5 mm,the lowest was <0.25 mm(7.09%~13.68%).Soil aggregate(0.25~5 mm)weight proportion of inorganic fertilizer was 60.72%,it was significantly lower than other treatments(71.5%~77.99%),whereas >5 mm aggregate weight proportion was significantly higher than those of other treatments.This might due to long-term inorganic fertilization caused soil harden;compared to CK(13.68%),soil aggregate(<0.25 mm)of MNPK(7.09%)decreased 6.37%,whereas soil aggregate(0.25~5 mm) weight proportion were heightened(59.5%).(2)Fertilization could significantly improve the effective phosphorus,organophosphate and inorganic phosphorus contents of different aggregates.The increase rate from large to small in turn was 1.5MNPK,MNPK,NPK;the proportion of inorganic phosphorus in total phosphorus(88.25%~92.67%) was significantly higher than organophosphate(7.33%~11.75%).(3)The content of MLOP in organic phosphorus fractions was the highest and the proportion was the largest(65.97%~70.29%),next was MSOP,LOP and HSOP was the lowest.And the content of MLOP as the main form in different treatments from low to high in turn was CK,NPK,MNPK,1.5MNPK;among the inorganic phosphorus fractions in fluvo-aquic soil,the content of Ca10-P was the highest and the proportion was the largest(42.6%~66.8%),secondly in turn was Ca8-P,Al-P,O-P,Ca2-P and Fe-P.And the content of Ca10-P as the main form in different treatments was steady,different treatments had no significant difference.更多还原