【摘要】 2009年3月启动的甘肃敦煌10MW光伏并网发电特许权示范项目招标,标志着我国在大型荒漠光伏电站应用方面取得了重大进展。国家能源局组织开展的第一轮太阳能光伏发电特许权招标活动非常及时,对启动国内太阳能光伏市场产生了积极的影响,确定的电价1.09元/(kW.h)基本合理。然而,项目在实施过程中也却遇到了一系列的问题,如因供货不及时影响了项目进展,增大了建设成本;配套电网建设滞后;电力外送和消纳问题越来越突出,将成为大规模发展光伏电站的主要制约因素;税制改革挫伤了地方政府的积极性等。为保证国内光伏市场的健康发展,建议应将增值税中央收入部分按一定比例返还地方,采取补贴或者转移支付等手段维护地方政府开发太阳能项目的积极性;继续开展招标试点,摸清国内太阳能产业和市场的发展走向,完善太阳能光伏发电价格形成机制;吸取风电特许权项目的经验教训,改进招标规则,在电价的核准上谨慎行事;统筹考虑风电、太阳能等可再生能源资源开发与外送通道和消纳市场问题;慎重对待为解决太阳能等可再生能源发电电力消纳问题而引进高耗能项目。更多还原

【Abstract】 The start of bid invitation for the 10MW photovoltaic power grid integration franchise demonstration project in Dunhuang in Gansu province in March 2009 marked significant progress in China′s building large desert PV power stations.The National Energy Administration launched the first round of bid invitation for PV power generation franchise in very good time,which had a positive influence on the establishment of China′s solar PV market.The electricity price of 1.09 yuan/(kW·h) set was basically rational.However,a series of problems popped up during the implementation of the project.The delay in goods delivery affected the progress of the project and increased construction cost;the construction of supportive power grid has fallen short;problems about power sales and output digestion are increasingly serious and will be the main constraint on the large-scale development of PV power stations in China;the tax reform has dampened the enthusiasm of local governments.To promote the domestic PV market to grow in a healthy way,a portion of the value-added tax that should have been turned in as central government revenue should be refunded to local governments in the form of subsidy or transfer payment or by other means to maintain the enthusiasm of local governments for developing solar energy projects.The state should also continue to implement bid invitation demonstration projects to feel out the trends in the development of the domestic solar energy industry and market to establish a well-functioning solar PV power pricing mechanism.Drawing on wind power franchise projects,the state should improve its bidding rules,be cautious in approving power prices,make unified planning for the development of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar energy as well as the development of sales channels and consumer markets,and be cautious in making decisions about launching energy-intensive projects just in order to digest the power output from renewable energy sources such as solar energy.更多还原