【摘要】 依据张家口典型小流域水土流失监测数据及其推广区域水土流失治理效益数据,对该区不同侵蚀类型区的水土流失综合配置模式及推广的价值进行了研究。结果表明,在不同类型区进行土地利用结构调整和工程及植被措施选取时,土石丘陵区和土石山区应重点考虑阴坡阳坡下垫面条件的差异性,石质山区应重点考虑小流域不同部位的土壤厚度,白垩纪恶劣地形区考虑的重点是尽可能减少对原始地面的扰动和破环。根据不同治理区下垫面条件的差异,各典型小流域在实施治理后生态效益明显,保土和蓄水效益分别到达70%和60%以上。在类似区域推广后,同样取得了明显的生态效益,水土保持效益均达60%以上。治理区域内林草地面积及土地利用率所占比例均显著提高,对水土流失的调控能力也明显增强。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the monitoring data of soil and water loss in typical small watersheds and the demonstration areas of Zhangjiakou City,the integrated management mode of soil and water loss and its potential benefits were studied in different erosion zones.The results show that for the reconstruction of land use and the selection of engineering and biological measures,the underlying differences between shady and sunny slopes should be accounted for the hilly and rocky mountainous areas,the thickness of the soils in different locations of small watersheds should be considered in the mountainous area,and in the cretaceous terrain area,minimization of the disturbances and breakdown of original ground surface should have the highest priority.Both the typical small watersheds and the demonstration areas which already conducted comprehensive management obtained considerable amount of ecological benefits,the benefits of sediment trapping and water storage reached as high as 70% and 60% for the small watersheds,and both over 60% in the demonstration areas,respectively.At the same time,the vegetation cover percentage and land use ratio increased significantly,resulting in improved capability to control soil erosion.更多还原