【摘要】 防护林在改善环境状况方面扮演着重要角色,对其生物量、凋落物量以及林下土壤养分的研究可以加深对树木生长规律和树木与环境的相互关系的了解。通过采用平均木法对海坛岛主要防护林树种即木麻黄、台湾相思、黑松、湿地松的生物量进行测定,并通过凋落物的收集和土壤养分的分析了解四树种的生长习性以及养分丰缺情况。结果表明:①生物量总量从大到小依次为湿地松(270.84t/hm2)>黑松(125.72t/hm2)>台湾相思(75.99t/hm2)>迹地更新不良木麻黄(56.02t/hm2)。②从凋落物的研究情况可知9月份是四树种共同的生长月,凋落物归还量很高,而对于木麻黄和台湾相思而言,另一个凋落物归还量的高峰期是5月份。③对于四种树种林下土壤养分的测定,可以看出台湾相思林下土壤养分相对丰富,而总体来说四种树种的林下土壤营养物质相对缺乏,影响到防护林的生物量进而影响其防风固沙、保持水土的性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Shelterbelt plays an important role in improving the environment.The research on biomass,litter fall and forest soil nutrient could deepen the understanding of the tree growth laws and the interrelationship between the tree and the environment.The average sample tree method was adopted to determine the biomass of main tree species for shelterbelt in Haitan Island,namely Casuarina equisetifolia L,Acacia confusa Merr,Pinus thunbergii Parlatore and Pinus elliottii Engelmann.The growth habit and the abundance and deficiency of nutrients among the four species were analyzed through the litter collecting and soil nutrient measurement.The results indicated that: ① The order of the total biomass from large to small was Pinus elliotii Engelmann(270.84 t/hm2)>Pinus thunbergii Parlatore(125.72 t/hm2)>Acacia confusa Merr(75.99 t/hm2) >Casuarina equisetifolia L with bad slash regeneration(56.02 t/hm2).② From the study of litter,it could be concluded that September was the common growth month and the litter production was large,but for Casuarina equisetifolia L and Acacia confusa Merr,another peak of litter return was in May.③ According to the soil nutrient of the four species,the undergrowth soil nutrient of Acacia confusa Merr was relatively abundant,but nutrient substances of the four tree species were comparatively poor on the whole.This might influence the biomass of shelterbelt and then affect the function of the windbreak and sand fixation and also the soil and water conservation.更多还原