【摘要】 植被生态需水研究已成为水资源优化配置和生态环境建设中的热点问题。选取石河子垦区为研究区域,以2008年中巴卫星影像和2003年的土地利用现状图为基础,运用遥感图像处理技术对研究区域植被进行了分类,计算了各类植被面积的转移矩阵,分析了各类植被面积的变化,并结合确定的石河子垦区不同植被生态需水定额量,通过面积定额法计算了石河子垦区植被生态需水量,分析了石河子垦区植被生态需水量的数量变化和空间变化。结果表明:研究区内耕地的需水量最大,草地的其次,林地的最小;植被生态需水量主要集中在绿洲的中部,边缘部分比较少。这表明石河子垦区人工植被的生态需水量最大,因此,适当退耕还林、退耕还木,采用节水灌溉方式对减缓石河子垦区水资源的供需矛盾具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The vegetation ecological water demand has become one of hot issues in optimal allocation of water resources and ecological environment construction.Shihezi reclamation area has been selected as the study area in this paper.Based on the CBERS Satellite Datum in 2008 and the land-use map in 2003,the vegetation types were classified by using remote sensing image processing technique.The area change of every type was analyzed by using transfer matrix.Then the amount of vegetation ecological water demand can be gotten by quota.Through analysis of the spatial changes of vegetation ecological water demand,the result shows that the water requirement in cultivated land is the biggest,that in grassland takes the second place,and that in forest is the least.Moreover,the nearer to the core of oasis,the more the vegetation ecological water demand.This indicates that the water demand in cultivated land occupies the largest part.So conversion of cropland to forest,replacing cropland with pasture and using water saving irrigation are very important to alleviating the supply and demand contradiction of water in Shihezi reclamation area.更多还原