【摘要】 本研究以"禾阳2"杨为辐射诱变材料,研究了用γ射线(60Co)辐射诱变在培养基上定向筛选抗病变异体的方法。试验比较了茎段、叶片和叶柄等不同器官材料诱导胚性愈伤组织的效果,发现以茎段的胚性愈伤诱导率最高,达到100%;愈伤分化培养46 h后开始有胚性细胞分化,74~92 h有大量胚性细胞形成,是进行γ射线辐射处理的最佳时期;通过不同辐射处理剂量比较分析发现30 Gy较接近半致死剂量;经过辐射后的胚性愈伤分别在培养基上进行分化、继代、生根培养来定向筛选抗病变异体。本试验通过诱变筛选得到生根试管苗386株,通过大棚、大田进一步筛选获得1个抗杨锈病、速生的优系,暂定名为"禾阳抗病3号杨"。其植株水平试管内抗病性检测结果表明,"禾阳抗病3号杨"比亲本的抗病性明显提高;在山东、上海、湖北等地立地试验结果显示,其抗病性和速生性均超过了107杨和中林46杨两个对照品种。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study,the radiation mutagenic material being used is the embryonic stem callus cultured in "He Yang 2" Yang Plantlets,and the method of directed screening of resistant variants by the use of γ-rays(60Co) irradiation is applied.By comparing the effect of using different organs to induce the embryonic callus,such as stems,leaves,petioles and other organs,stems were found to have the highest rate of induction,which amounted to 100%.By observing the experiment,Hwas found that there were embryonic cell differentiation after cultured 46 hours,and a large number of embryonic cells were induced with 74~92 hours,which is the best time for γ-ray irradiation.Through comparative analysis of different doses,30Gy was found close to half-lethal dose.After radiation,embryonic callus in the culture medium were on differentiation,subculture and rooting separately in order to directed screen resistant variants.This experiment by mutagenesis screening get root tube seedlings 386 variant secdings,and by the greenhouse and field one varicont ieding out thich show fast qrouth and strongor nesistont characfers and was temperetaly nanled He yang resistance 3 The results of plant disease resistance levels of in vitro test showed that its disease resistance significantly improved than its parents.The test made in Shandong,Shanghai and Hubei site showed that its resistance was higher thaw that ot two contool varieties.更多还原