【摘要】 目的分析昆明市1981～2010年狂犬病流行特点,探讨昆明市狂犬病发病相关因素。方法收集1981～2010年昆明市狂犬病疫情资料进行总结和分析。结果 1981～2010年共报告狂犬病89例,49.44%的病例伤后未进行处理,仅3例病例注射了狂犬病疫苗,但均未完成免疫程序。潜伏期最短7d,最长12年,潜伏期中位数为46d。96.63%病例致伤动物为犬,犬密度最高为42条/100人,目前为7条/100人,但农村地区远远不止于此;犬免疫率不足10%。结论犬密度高而犬免疫率低,疾病危害认识不足、暴露后治疗率低,犬伤门诊设置不合理、处置不规范,是造成昆明市狂犬病流行的主要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies cases in Kunming from 1981 to 2010 and explore the possible factors relating to prevalence of the disease.Methods The data concerning prevalence of rabies in Kunming in 1981～2010 were collected and analyzed.Results There 89 rabies patients from 1981 to 2010 in the prefecture were reported.There 44 cases(49.44%) were not treated,86 patients not vaccinated,and 3 patients without completion of the full immunization course.The longest incubation period was 12 years and the shortest one was 7 days.The median of incubation period was 46 days.96.63% of the cases under exposure were bitten by dogs.The highest density of dog was 42 dogs/100 population,but at present there was 7 dogs/100 population and the density of dogs was much higher in rural areas.The immunization rate of the dogs was below 10%.Conclusion The high density of dogs and lower immunization coverage,The lower level of knowledge about preventing rabies,low rate of post-exposure prophylaxis,inadequate outpatient services and post-exposure treatment are the main causes leading to the increase of rabies incidence in Kunming.更多还原