【摘要】 大学本质观是对实施中等以上教育的组织机构存在与发展原因的一种系统理性的认识,它是人们认识大学其他观念的基础。从不同的角度来看大学所形成的大学本质观虽然都有一定的道理,但从大学运行发展的角度认识大学所形成的学术自由的大学本质观更能反映大学的本质。从学理上对大学的内外环境进行分析及对大学发展历史与现实的考察后发现,虽然学术自由更能体现大学的本质,但大学的本质不是学术自由,而是学术自由性与受控性双重属性的对立统一。这种新的大学本质观是一种全面辩证的大学本质观,是从大学现实本质的分析来把握大学的本质,是从大学的学术自由性与受控性的矛盾运动中来分析和理解大学的改革与发展。这种新的大学本质观有利于人们从理论上破解中国大学当前改革所产生的难题,并使人们能根据这种新本质观去选择恰当的政策和策略来更有效地推进大学改革更多还原

【Abstract】 The concept of the essence of a university is a systemized rational understanding of the reasons for the existence and development of secondary-and-above educational organizations.This concept constitutes the basis on which to understand other concepts of universities.People might come up with different conclusions over the essence of universities from different angles,and the conclusions they arrive at might sound reasonable as well.However,academic freedom is at the core of those conclusions when the essence of a university is approached from the perspective of the running and development of universities.Based on a theoretical exploration into both the internal and external environment of universities and an analysis of the universities’ past and present-day development path,it is found that the essence of a university does not lie in academic freedom only but rather in a unity of opposites between academic freedom and its controllability.The new concept of the essence of a university is a comprehensive and dialectical one which is derived from the nature of the movement of opposites between academic freedom and controllability.Such a renewed concept of the essence of a university will be bound to have a positive impact on solving the problems that arise in China’s current educational reform and finding new ways to push forward the reform campaign.更多还原