【摘要】 为了解决山区高差变化大、水准测量难的问题,提出了在山区进行连续设站三角高程测量的一种新方法,通过对测量原理、观测方法、误差来源及精度分析,指出了用三角高程测量的新方法代替水准测量的关键问题。分析表明,通过将前后设站的距离控制在300 m以内,有效地解决了球气差对距离测量的影响问题,并通过误差预计,指出整条路线在600～1 500 m时,完全可以替代四等水准测量,以1 km左右精度为最佳。并通过河北蔚州矿区工程实践,结果表明,在山区用连续设站三角高程测量代替水准测量是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve the high elevation variation and the leveling measurement problems in the mountain area,a new method of the trigonometrical high level measurement with continued stations set in the mountain area was proposed.With the analysis on the measuring principle,survey method,error sources and accuracy,the paper pointed out the key issues of the new trigonometrical high level measurement method to replace the leveling measurement.The analysis showed that with the distance control between the two stations within 300 m,the effect of the earth curvature and the refraction affected to the distance measurement issue was effectively solved.With the estimation of the error,when the whole line distance was within 600~1 500 m as pointed out,the fourth class leveling measurement could be replaced.The accuracy with 1 km would be the best.With the practices on a project of mining area,the results showed the trigonometrical high level measurement with the continued stations set in the mountain area would be feasible to replace the leveling measurement.更多还原