食谱分析方法在家猪起源研究中的应用

【摘要】 驯化初期的家猪与野猪的鉴别是家猪起源研究的核心问题,对于准确定位家猪的起源时间和地点具有十分重要的意义。本文首先对陕北靖边五庄果墚遗址、吉林通化万发波子遗址出土的猪骨及其他动物骨骼进行了C、N稳定同位素分析,分析人类活动对猪食物结构的影响,证明了由于人类的饲喂,驯化的家猪与野猪的食物结构存在显著的差异,利用这种差异,可以有效地进行家猪与野猪的鉴别。在此基础上,对安徽蚌埠双墩遗址出土的猪骨和其他动物骨骼进行了食谱分析,并结合形态学鉴定结果,判断该遗址中已经出现了驯化初期的家猪。更多还原

【Abstract】 Distinguishing the initial domestic pigs from wild boars was the core issue in the study of origin of domestic pigs, which was important to ascertain the origin time and area of domestic pigs. In the paper, Carbon and nitrogen isotope values were measured on bones of animals from Wuzhuangguoliang site in Jingbian City and Wanfabozi site in Tonghua City, to study the effects on the pigs’ palaeodiet by the human activities. The results show that there are significant differences on the diet construction between domestic pigs and wild boars due to the influence of human’s feeding activities, which can be used to differentiate domestic pigs from wild boars. Finally, we focus on the pig bones from Shuangdun site, Bengbu, Anhui province. Some bones of pigs, deer, cattles, and clams from the site were selected, and palaeodietary analysis was made. A conclusion was drew combining with the morphological identification results, that there were domestic pigs which were on the initial domestication stage in the site.更多还原