【摘要】 通过对鄱阳湖饵料生物资源和渔业生物资源特征及其利用度的分析,探讨了鄱阳湖的自然渔业功能现状。研究结果表明,鄱阳湖提供饵料生物的渔业功能呈下降趋势;由于鄱阳湖渔业生物资源的捕捞强度过大,渔获物种群组成以小型种类为主体,年龄结构偏低,个体小型化;鄱阳湖可利用的渔业种群资源量和质量、年渔获量和年单船捕捞力量渔获量都在下降,鄱阳湖渔业资源处在过度开发期。目前,鄱阳湖的自然渔业功能呈衰退趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the characteristics of biological resources of bait and fishery, the present situation of the natural fishery function in Poyang Lake was studied. There were 107 species of phytoplankton, annual mean density was 65.87×104 cell/L, and annual mean biomass was 0.346 mg/L; there are 86 species of zooplankton, annual mean density was 576.7 ind/L, and annual mean biomass was 0.449 mg/L; there were 35 species of zoobenthos, annual mean density was 596.0 ind/m2, and annual mean biomass was 146.7 g/m2; submerged plant was degenerative, its distribution area reduced, and annual mean biomass was 334.46 g/m2 in Poyang Lake in recent years. The species decreased and the density increased in phytoplankton. The species, the density and the biomass decreased in zooplankton. The species and the density decreased and the biomass increased in zoobenthos. The biomass decreased in submerged plant. There were 136 species of fishes belonging to 77 genus, 14 subfamilies, 25 families, 6 suborders, 12 orders; and 8 species of freshwater shrimps and 1 species of crab in Poyang Lake. There were 71 species of fish from Cyprinidae and 12 species from Bagridae. Most of the important economic species of fish were also from Cyprinidae. Common carp, goldfish, oriental sheatfish and cuttailed bullhead were major fishing games; the next were black carp, grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp in the lake. Most individual of the fishing games was very small and only 1-2 ages in the lake from 2000 to 2006. The main problems of the natural fishery in Poyang Lake were the over-intensive catching and irrational utilization of natural resources. The natural fishery has been an over-exploitation phase, and natural fishery function dropped in Poyang Lake.更多还原