【摘要】 目的评价头孢噻利对常见病原菌近期临床分离株的体外抗菌作用。方法采用琼脂稀释法测定头孢噻利对640株近期临床分离菌的药物敏感性。结果头孢噻利对260株肠杆菌科细菌中的非产酶株(46.1%)具有高度的抗菌活性;对单产AmpC酶的菌株(11.2%)亦有良好的抗菌活性;但对产ESBLs肠杆菌科细菌(42.7%)的抗菌活性差。头孢噻利对铜绿假单胞菌和洛菲不动杆菌有一定的抗菌活性,对鲍曼不动杆菌的抗菌活性差。头孢噻利对流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌的抗菌活性高。头孢噻利对MSSA和MSSE显示良好的抗菌活性,对所有受试的青霉素敏感肺炎链球菌和受试的链球菌属细菌均显示了高度的抗菌活性;对青霉素中介肺炎链球菌的抗菌活性略低。对MRSA、MRCNS、青霉素耐药肺炎链球菌以及粪肠球菌的抗菌活性差,对屎肠球菌无抗菌活性。本品对大多受试革兰阴性杆菌的抗菌活性与头孢吡肟和头孢匹罗相仿;对MSSA和MSCNS及所有受试的链球菌属细菌的抗菌活性与头孢匹罗相仿,并相仿或略优与头孢吡肟。结论头孢噻利对需氧革兰阴性菌和革兰阳性菌具广谱抗菌活性,对细菌产生的AmpC酶稳定。对非产酶株和单产AmpC酶的肠杆菌科细菌、流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌、MSSA和MSCNS以及链球菌属细菌均具有良好的抗菌活性。提示该药是治疗上述细菌所致感染的可选药物之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the in vitro activity of cefoselis against gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates.Methods The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of cefoselis against 640 strains of bacterial isolates recently collected from clinical settings in the hospitals of Shanghai and other 4 provinces in China during 2007—2008 were determined and compared with selected comparators.Results were analyzed according to CLSI 2009 breakpoints.Results Cefoselis had strong antibacterial activity against β-lactamases(ESBLs+AmpC) non-producers(46.1%) of Enterobacteriaceae,and good antibacterial activity against the clinical isolates producing AmpC alone(11.2%).However,cefoselis showed poor activity against ESBLs producing clinical isolates(42.7%).Its activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter lwoffi was moderate.The activity was poor for Acinetobacter baumannii.Cefoselis showed potent antibacterial activity against Hemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis.Cefoselis was highly active against MSSA and MSCNS,and showed potent antibacterial activity against all penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae(PSSP) and other Streptococcus spp.Its activity was slightly lower for penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae(PISP).Cefoselis was poor in the activity against MRSA,MRCNS,PRSP and Enterococcus faecalis,and no activity for Enterococcus faecium.Cefoselis was essentially comparable to cefepime and cefpirome in the activity against most gram-negative clinical isolates,but was poorer than imipenem.It was similar to cefpirome,and similar to or slightly better than cefepime in the activity against MSSA,MSSE and all the Streptococcus spp.strains.Conclusions Cefoselis has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram negaitive clinical isolates.It is highly stable to AmpC enzyme.Cefoselis exhibits good activity against the clinical isolates producing AmpC alone or β-lactamases nonproducers in Enterobacteriaceae,Hemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis,MSSA,MSCNS,PSSP and Streptococcus spp.These results indicate that cefoselis is one of the appropriate drugs for the treatment of infections caused by above cefoselis-susceptible clinical isolates.更多还原