【摘要】 为了给小麦高产育种提供依据,利用7个株高构成指数有一定差异的冬小麦品种为亲本,按Griffing双列杂交法Ⅱ配制21个杂交组合,研究了小麦株高构成指数(I)的遗传及其与株高、每穗粒数和千粒重的相关。结果表明,株高构成指数IL[(穗下节间长+倒2节间长)/株高]、I1[穗下节间长/(穗下节间长+倒2节间长)]、I2[倒2节间长/(倒2节间长+倒3节间长)]、I4[倒4节间长/(倒4节间长+倒5节间长)]的遗传符合加性-显性模型,同时受加性效应和显性效应的作用,但以加性效应为主,显性程度为部分显性,狭义遗传力高。I3[倒3节间长/(倒3节间长+倒4节间长)]的遗传符合加性-显性-上位性模型。控制I1、I2和I4的增效等位基因为显性,而控制IL的减效等位基因为显性。株高构成指数可能受1对主效基因控制。相关分析结果表明,I3和I4与株高分别呈显著(r=-0.474 6,P<0.05)和极显著(r=-0.665 0,P<0.01)的遗传负相关,I4与每穗粒数呈极显著遗传正相关(r=0.536 9,P<0.01)。更多还原

【Abstract】 To provide the basis for improvement of yield potential in wheat breeding,genetic analysis of plant height component index and its correlation with plant height,kernels per spike and 1 000-kernel weight were studied by a 7×7 complete diallel cross using seven wheat parents with diverse plant height component indexes during 2009-2010 growing seasons.The results showed that the inheritance of IL [(top internode length + second internode length) / plant height],I1 [top internode length/(top internode length + second internode length)],I2 [second internode length /(second internode length + third internode length)] and I4 [fourth internode length /(fourth internode length + fifth internode length)] fit in with the additive dominance model,and was controlled by both additive and dominant genetic effects,and the additive effect was much more important than the dominant effect.The degree of dominance was partial dominance,with higher narrow sense heritability,varying from 73.55% to 83.79%.The inheritance of I3 [third internode length /(third internode length + fourth internode length)] fit in with the additive-dominance-epistasis model.The alleles increasing I1,I2 and I4 were dominant,while the alleles reducing IL were dominant.Plant height component index might be controlled by one pair of major genes.The correlation analysis showed that I3 and I4 were negatively associated with plant height [r=-0.474 6,P<0.05(I3);r =-0.665 0,P<0.01(I4)],and I4 was positively associated with kernels per spike(r=0.536 9,P<0.01).更多还原