【摘要】 通过室内外试验,分析了膨润土自由膨胀体积、滤矢量、粘度与盐溶液浓度及阳离子化合价的关系,得出盐溶液浓度、化合价与膨润土自由膨胀体积呈负相关,与滤矢量、渗透系数呈正相关。0.01 mol/L AlCl3使3试样滤矢量分别增加了291.9%、404.8%、367.3%;NaCl溶液对GCL渗透系数的影响最小,溶液浓度由0.01 mol/L升高到0.25 mol/L时,1号、2号、3号3种GCL的渗透系数分别增加了193.4倍、205.1倍、31.3倍。而CaCl2浓度由0.01mol/L增加到0.25 mol/L时,3种GCL试样的渗透系数分别增加了3 289.7倍、1 8461.6倍、357.9倍;GCL力学性能主要影响因素为紫外线照射及空气中氧化,其老化主要发生在第1年,1年后3试样第一峰值分别下降了2.10%、18.35%、24.13%;第二峰值下降了12.13%、-179.10%、24.04%。黄河水中阳离子使其自由膨胀体积减小,滤矢量增大,塑性粘度减小,3试样滤矢量分别增加了26.4%、16.7%、26.8%。对GCL的防渗性能也有一定影响,但影响较小,GCL在寒旱盐渍化地区仍能满足渠道防渗要求,在类似地区可用于渠道防渗。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper,the relationship of free swelling volume of bentonite,filter vector,viscosity and salt concentration and valence of cation were analyzed through indoor and outdoor experiment.The result indicated that the concentration of salts,valence were negatively correlated with the free swelling volume of bentonite.While they were positive correlated with the filter vector and permeability.The solution of 0.01 mol/L AlCl3 made the vector filter of 3 samples increased by 291.9%,404.8%,367.3%.The effect of NaCl solution on the permeability of GCL was the minimum.When the solution concentration was increased from 0.01 mol/L to 0.25 mol/L,the permeability coefficients of 1 #,2 #,3 # were increased by 193.4 times,205.1 times,and 31.3 times,respectively.When the CaCl2 solution concentration was increased from 0.01 mol/L to 0.25 mol/L,the permeability of three GCL samples was increased by 3 289.7 times.The main influencing factors of GCL mechanical properties were ultraviolet radiation and air oxidation.The aging occured mainly in the first year.After one year,the first peak of sample 3 decreased by 2.10%,18.35%,24.13%,and the second peak decreased by 12.13%,-179.10%,24.04%.The cation in Yellow River water made the free swelling volume reduced,filter vector increased,the plastic viscosity decreased,vector filter of three sample increased by 26.4%,16.7%,26.8%.It also had effect on the performance of GCL,but the effect was little.GCL could meet the demands of seepage in cold,arid,salty district and could be used for channel seepage in similar region.更多还原