【摘要】 核工业的发展,导致重金属铀的排放和扩散,造成了地表土壤的污染,对社会和环境造成了很大的影响,如何修复被铀污染的土壤成为了一个难题,近年发展起来的植物修复技术以其成本低廉、安全、环保的特点成为修复被铀污染的土壤的新选择.寻找理想的超富集植物是这一技术的基础和关键之所在,通过实验模拟铀污染土壤(土壤中铀的浓度为1.00×102 mg·kg-1),选取分属8种科目的19种植物去修复,选出了几种对铀的修复性能较好的本土植物,实验表明四季香油麦菜的生物累积系数(Bioconcentration factors,BFS)和生物转移系数(Translocation factors,TFS)都大于3,且地上部分铀的富集浓度高达1.67×103 mg·kg-1,可以作为铀的超富集植物,四川沿阶草、四季豆、扁竹兰、吊兰几种本土植物对铀污染的土壤具有潜在的修复能力,借助于基因工程、联合修复或添加土壤改良剂有望使其转变为对铀的超积累植物.更多还原

【Abstract】 With development of the Nuclear industry,heavy metal uranium emissions and diffusion in-duced uranium contamination of surface soils,which have taken great impact on society and environment.There are some U-contaminated soils in the world,how to remedy U-contaminated soils become a interest-ing problem in recent years.Phytoremediation technology is a low-cost,safety and environment kindly al-ternative for the cleanup of U-contaminated soils.Screening of perfect hyperaccumulators is the basic and key for this technology.In this paper,simulation experiments were designed for 1.00×102 mg·kg-1 U con-taminated soil,nineteen plant speices were selected to remove U from the contaminated soils.The results in-dicated that Lactuca sativa L.can be chosen as uranium hyperaccumulator because its BFS(bioconcentra-tion factors) and TFS(translocation factors) is more than 3 and U concentration in shoots reach 1.67×103 mg·kg-1.Ophiopogon japonicus cv,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,Iris confusa Sealy and Chlorophytum comosum(Thunb.) as potential species for phytoextraction for U-contaminated soil through genetic engineering,joint-repairing or adding soil amendments would become uranium hyperaccumulators,which may be candi-dates for phytoremediator.更多还原