【摘要】 硅氢加成反应是有机硅化学领域最为重要的反应之一。自该反应于1947年被发现以来,大量的文献对其进行了报道。本文综述了近十年来应用于硅氢加成反应的各类负载型催化剂的研究进展,介绍了活性炭、二氧化硅、分子筛等负载过渡金属催化剂,重点介绍了有机-无机杂化载体负载Pt、Rh、Au等多相催化剂的制备方法及其在硅氢加成反应中的应用,并分析了其催化作用机理;总结了功能高分子化合物负载过渡金属在硅氢加成反应中的研究,和新型含不同官能基团的离子液体络合金属催化剂的制备方法及其对不饱和烃与含氢硅烷的硅氢加成反应的催化性能,总结和讨论了催化反应机理的研究,并对多相硅氢加成催化剂的发展方向进行了分析和展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydrosilylation is one of the most important reactions in organo silicone chemistry,which can prepare functional silanes and silicon polymers.Since the first report in 1947,a lot of literatures relating to hydrosilylation reaction have been published.This review summarizes the novel progress in the synthesis methods and application of heterogeneous catalysts for hydrosilylation in the last decade.A variety of heterogeneous catalysts have been prepared by using a series of carriers such as active carbon,silica and zeolite e.g.supported platinum,rhodium and gold catalyst,etc.The synthesis methods of organic and inorganic heterozygous carrier loaded transition metals as heterogeneous catalysts and application in the hydrosilylation are introduced emphatically.The catalytic performance of these catalysts and the catalytic mechanism are summarized and discussed.Some new types of polymers with functional groups have been synthesized and used to immobilize metals,those carving polymer particle catalysts always show interesting performance for hydrosilylation processes.Ionic liquid supported rhodium or ruthenium complexes as a new type of catalysts have been synthesized and applied in the hydrosilylation of alkenes or alkynes with excellent catalytic activity and selectivity as well as recycle performance.The development trend of supported catalysts for hydrosilylation reaction is also described.更多还原