【摘要】 "自动转移飞行器"(ATV)是欧洲航天局(ESA)服务"国际空间站"(ISS)的项目。ATV货运飞行器自动执行调相,交会与对接、分离、降轨,以及受控毁坏性再入。ATV对ISS的交会对接可脱离地面控制自主完成,ATV交会使命将朝向载人航天飞行发展,高度自主性与严格安全性是ATV使命设计的主要特点。在自主交会飞行期间,飞行器在任意1次故障后可继续运作,2次故障后确保飞行安全(避免与ISS相撞)。除了标称飞行系统中的"故障探测、隔离与修复"(FDIR)能力外,ATV还有"飞行控制监测"(FCM)与"邻近飞行安全性"(PFS)的附加监测与安全性功能。第1个ATV飞行器(ATV-JV)于2008年3月9日发射,2008年9月29日成功完成验证演示和服务使命后再入地球大气。第2个ATV飞行器(ATV-JK)将于2011年2月15日发射。ATV规划与正在研制的"先进再入飞行器"(ARV)使命,将有力增强欧洲在未来载人航天飞行与太空探测中的地位。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Automated Transfer Vehicle(ATV) is an ESA program intended to serve the International Space Station(ISS).The vehicle is designed to perform automated phasing,rendezvous and docking to ISS,dedocking,departure,de-orbitation and a safe destructive re-entry.The ATV rendezvous mission is towards a manned vehicle and requires high performances and severe safety constraints for the vehicle,which shall be operational after any first failure and safe after a second failure.In addition to Failure Detection,Isolation and Recovery(FDIR) capabilities in the nominal flight system,there are two flight monitoring and safety functions,Flight Control Monitoring(FCM) and Proximity Flight Safety(PFS).The first ATV vehicle(ATV-JV) was launched on March 9,2008 and successfully completed its demonstration and service mission on September 29,2008,and the second ATV vehicle(ATV-JK) is scheduled for launch on February 15,2011.The ATV program and the Advanced Re-entry Vehicle(ARV) mission being developed will enhance the level of European human spaceflight as well as space exploration in future.更多还原