【摘要】 稻瘟病严重制约着水稻的产量。种植抗病品种,提高水稻自身的防御体系是目前控制病害的最经济、最有效、最"绿色"的措施。因此,水稻稻瘟病抗性基因成为植物病理学家及育种学家的研究热点。随着工作的不断进展,截止2010年8月,已至少报道了64个抗稻瘟病位点共75个主效基因,克隆了15个抗性基因。综述了近年国内外研究进展,对已克隆的抗性基因的结构与功能进行了比较分析,并介绍了两种主要的改善稻瘟病的技术手段。指出随着越来越多抗性基因定位及克隆成功,功能基因辅助育种有望成为未来主要的育种手段之一,与分子标记辅助育种共同为水稻生产服务。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rice blast,a widespread fungal disease of rice,severely decreases the yields and qualities of rice.The most economical,effective and "Green" method to resist rice blast is researching resistance varieties or improveing the disease resistance of rice.Therefore,rice blast resistance genes(R genes) is considered as a hot field to phytopathologists and breeders.64 rice blast resistance sites and 75 major genes have been reported and 15 rice blast resistance genes have been cloned up to Aug.,2010.In this review,the research progresses in China and abroad were reviewed;the structure and function of clonal resistance genes were compared and analyzed;two principal techniques that resist rice blast were introduced.With locating and successfully cloning more and more resistance genes,functional genes assisted breeding would be one of the major breeding measures in the future,which will serve to rice production along with molecular markers assisted breeding.更多还原