【摘要】 目的适时了解烧伤病房的细菌分布及耐药情况,为临床有针对性地选择和合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法分离7个月份的烧伤患者创面细菌,并对其主要的感染菌种进行耐药性分析。结果从烧伤患者创面共分离到细菌204株,前三位依次为金黄色葡萄球菌(87株)、铜绿假单胞菌(44株)和奇异变形杆菌(43株)。金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素(VA)100%敏感,对奎奴普汀(QD)和呋南妥因(F)也有很高的敏感性,而对其余抗生素的耐药率则非常高;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)的阳性率达到91.7%。铜绿假单胞菌对所选用的14种抗生素都有较高的耐药性(40%~93%);奇异变形杆菌对美罗培南(MEM)、亚胺培南(I MP)和氧氟沙星(OFX)完全敏感;对复方磺胺(SXT)呈现100%耐药。结论金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌对多数抗生素呈现耐药,奇异变形杆菌相对比较敏感,但超广谱β-内酰胺酶(extended-spectrun β-lectamases,ESBLs)的阳性率达到80%以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the distribution and drug-resistance situation of the bacteria in the burn ward, and supply reference for scientific selection and reasonable utilization of antibiotics in clinic. Methods Bacteria from the burn wounds flora in 7 months were isolated, and the drug resistance of the main bacteria were analysed. Results Totally 204 strains of bacteria were obtained. The first three bacteria were S. aureus (87 strains), P. aeruginosa (44 strains) and P. mirabilis (43 strains). Isolated S. aureus were completely susceptible to vacomycin, susceptible to Quinupristin and Nitrofurantoin, but resistant to other antibioics. 91.7% of them were verified to be methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). Isolated P. aeruginosa had different resistance rate (40%-93%) to 14 antibiotics. Isolated P. mirabilis were completely susceptible to MEM, IMP and OFX, and completely resistant to SXT. Conclusion Isolated S. aureus and P. aeruginosa are resistant to most antibiotics, isolated P. mirabilis are relatively susceptible, but the positive rate of extended-spectrun β-lectamases(ESBLs) strains is above 80%.更多还原