【摘要】 为了研究采暖对哈尔滨市大气颗粒物环境特征的影响,分别在采暖前、采暖期和采暖后采集TSP、PM10和PM2.5。分析了3种粒径颗粒物在采暖期和非采暖期的浓度变化特征以及粒径分布特征,并做了颗粒物的化学成分分析,包括20种无机元素和两种碳成分。结果表明:TSP和PM10在12月、1月、3月和4月均超标,而在非采暖期均达到国家二级标准;整个采样期PM10/TSP、PM2.5/TSP、PM2.5/PM10的平均值分别为63.0%、43.9%、70.1%,而且PM2.5/TSP和PM2.5/PM10在采暖期的比率均大于非采暖期;Ca、K、Mg、S、Pb和Zn等元素在采暖期明显高于非采暖期,而Al、Fe、Na、Si在采暖后要高于采暖期;PM10及PM2.5中EC、OC及OC/EC均为采暖期高于非采暖期,且OC高于EC,同时EC、OC在PM2.5中含量较PM10大,说明含碳组分在细颗粒中富集程度更高。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the effect of heating on the chemical characteristics of atmospheric particles,TSP,PM10 and PM2.5 were collected before,in and after heating period.The size distribution and concentration characteristics of atmospheric particles were investigated.Simultaneously,20 metallic elements and 2 carbonaceous contents were further analyzed.The results showed that the concentrations of TSP and PM10 exceeded the national secondary standard in December,January,March and April,but met the standard in non-heating period.The averages of PM10/TSP,PM2.5/TSP and PM2.5/PM10 were 63.0%,43.9% and 70.1% in the sampling period.The concentrations of Ca,K,Mg,S,Pb,and Zn were higher in heating period than in non-heating period,but the concentrations of Al,Fe,Na and Si were lower in heating period than after heating period.The concentrations of EC,OC and OC/EC in PM10 and PM2.5 were also higher in heating period than in non-heating period and the concentrations of EC and OC in PM2.5 were higher than that in PM10 which showed carbonaceous contents had a higher enrichment in fine particles.更多还原