【摘要】 为了从母系遗传角度深入阐明中国荷斯坦牛和鲁西黄牛的群体遗传多样性以及起源进化,本研究采用PCR测序法测定了9头中国荷斯坦牛和11头鲁西黄牛的线粒体DNAD-loop区的部分序列,并经剪切后进行生物信息学软件分析。结果表明,20个个体D-loop区共711bp,共检测到19种单倍型和50个多态位点。核苷酸多样性(Pi)为0.02133±0.00454,单倍型多样性(Hd)为0.994±0.019,平均核苷酸差异数(k)为15.14620。构建的NJ网络进化树共分为两大支系,其中部分鲁西黄牛与瘤牛聚为一支,而中国荷斯坦牛和部分鲁西黄牛与普通黄牛聚为一支。说明中国荷斯坦牛和鲁西黄牛群体遗传多样性均较高;鲁西黄牛同时含有瘤牛和普通黄牛的血统,而中国荷斯坦牛只含有普通黄牛的血统。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to illustrate population genetic polymorphism and origin of Chinese Holstein cattle and Luxi cattle from the perspective of maternal inheritance,partial sequences of mitochondrial DNA D-loop of 9 Chinese Holsein cattles and 11 Luxi cattles were detected by PCR sequencing technology,and analyzed after cut by bioinformatics software.The results revealed that D-loop sequences were 711 bp in 20 individuals and there were 19 different haplotypes and 50 polymorphic sites.The mean nucleotide diversity(Pi) was 0.021 33±0.004 54,the haplotype diversity(Hd) was 0.994±0.019,and the average number of nucleotide differences(k) was 15.146 20.The neighbor joining(NJ) tree showed that there were two main branches in those 2 cattle breeds,in which,some Luxi cattles were clustered with Bos taurus lineage,and the others were in Bos indicus lineage which also included all Chinese Holsein cattles.The results indicated abundant genetic diversity in both two groups,and there were two marternal origins in Luxi cattle which were Bos taurus and Bos indicus,but in Chinese Holstein cattle only one origin of Bos taurus.更多还原