【摘要】 以酒精为溶剂提取黄姜干粉中的皂苷,皂苷经水解、过滤、中和、干燥、石油醚抽提、结晶、重结晶得到纯度较高的黄姜皂素。实验中采用热提取和高压均质提取两工艺。研究了热提取工艺中溶剂用量、料液比、温度、时间和次数等对皂素收率的影响:溶剂为95%(v)的酒精,料液比为5:1,提取温度为60℃,提取3次,提取时间分别为2 h、1 h、0.5 h时,皂素收率可达2.45%。在此基础上,为提高提取效率,也考察了高压均质提取工艺过程,60 MPa压力下均质提取可达到与热提取同等效果。热提取和高压均质提取工艺因预先分离了皂苷、淀粉和纤维素等,因此大大降低了酸解工艺的处理量,使得皂苷酸解耗酸量和废水量较传统工艺大幅下降,且皂素收率有所提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 The dioscin was extracted from dried yam powder with alcohol in this study.After hydrolysis,filtration,neutralization,dehydration drying,extraction with petroleum ether and recrystallization,high purity diosgenin was obtained.Experiments were carried out by method of hot extraction and high pressure homogeniser extraction,respectively.Results of hot extraction process show that,after three times extraction for 2 h-1 h-0.5 h,the yield of diosgenin can reach 2.45% by using 95%(v) alcohol as solvent,liquid-solid ratio 5:1 and temperature 60℃.High pressure homogeniser extraction process was also studied to increase extraction efficiency.The result shows that the effect of high pressure homogeniser extraction with pressure 60 MPa is equal to that of hot extraction.Because active ingredient dioscin was beforehand separated from starch and cellulose,treatment capacity of hydrolyzing process reduced.Acid consumption and waste water in hot extraction and high pressure homogeniser extraction decrease dramatically in comparison with the traditional process,and the yield of diosgenin increases.更多还原