【摘要】 2008—2009年,通过对北京昌平34个成龄苹果园土壤养分、pH和果实矿质元素含量的调查和多元统计分析,探讨了果实矿质元素含量最佳的土壤养分含量和pH优化方案。结果表明,土壤有机质与土壤各种养分均呈正相关,土壤养分与果实矿质元素含量的相关性非常弱,单因子相关分析不能揭示土壤养分与果实矿质元素间的关系;典型相关分析表明土壤有机质和pH对果实矿质元素含量具有重要影响;线性规划求出果实矿质元素含量最佳的土壤养分、pH优化方案为:有机质27.62～40.00 g·kg-1、全氮大于3.00 g·kg-1、碱解氮大于100.00 mg·kg-1、有效磷140.68～550.00 mg·kg-1、有效钾293.60～650.00 mg·kg-1、有效钙1.75～3.04 mg·kg-1、有效铁15.00～60.00 mg·kg-1、有效锌4.00～20.00 mg·kg-1、有效硼0.50～2.00 mg·kg-1和pH 6.49～7.50。提高果园土壤有效钾含量、调节pH是土壤管理的关键技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 The investigations were conducted with soil nutrient contents,pH and mineral nutrition contents in fruits at 34 adult apple orchards in Changping district of Beijing from 2008 to 2009.The methods of multivariate statistics were used to probe into optimum proposal of soil nutrition,pH factors for high mineral element contents of fruit.The results showed that soil organic matter(SOM) had separately positive correlation with all soil mineral elements,and there were weak correlation between soil nutrient contents and mineral element contents of fruit.Simple factor correlation analysis could not really explain relationship between soil nutrient contents and mineral nutrition contents of fruit.The canonical correlation analysis was used to obtain important impact SOM and pH on mineral element content of fruit.The optimum proposal of soil nutrient contents,pH for high mineral element contents of fruit were obtained that SOM was 27.62 to 40.00 g·kg-1,total N greater than 3.00 g·kg-1,alkaline N greater than 100.00 mg·kg-1,available P 140.68 to 550.00 mg·kg-1,available K 293.60 to 650.00 mg·kg-1,available Ca 1.75 to 3.04 mg·kg-1,available Fe 15.00 to 60.00 mg·kg-1,available Zn 4.00 to 20.00 mg·kg-1,available B 0.50 to 2.00 mg·kg-1 and pH 6.49 to 7.50.The key technical strategies for soil management of orchard in Changping were to improve available Kcontents in soil and adjusting soil pH.更多还原