【摘要】 研究介电场活化丙烯酸弹性体材料的失效特性,分析其失效机理。以实验为主要手段,分析失效形式与其主要影响因素之间的关系。实验表明:起皱、放电和击穿崩溃是电场活化丙烯酸弹性体材料的主要失效形式。预拉伸量、激活区与窗口半径比以及电极材料对起皱和击穿崩溃有明显的影响,其中电极材料对电场活化丙烯酸弹性体材料起皱失效的影响最为明显。电极材料弹性模量越大起皱越困难,反之起皱越容易。预拉伸对材料的击穿特性影响较大,击穿电压随着预拉伸量的增大而降低。电极材料及外加电压对放电特性均有影响:以石墨和硅胶的混合物为电极材料时,放电形式为局部宏观放电;以导电橡胶为电极材料时,为大面积微观放电。另外,以导电橡胶为电极材料时,预拉伸对放电形式亦有较明显影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Failure characteristics of electroactive acrylic elastomer are discussed,and its failure mechanism is analysed.By experiments,the relationship between failure type and its effect factors is discussed and determined.The experiment results show that crinkling,discharge and breakdown are the failure types of electroactive acrylic elastomer.Pre-stretch extension,the ratio of radius of active area vs radius of elastomer window and especially the electrode materials have obvious effects on the crinkling and breakdown.The bigger elastic modulus of electrode material is,the more difficultly crinkling occurs,vice versa.Pre-stretch has an obvious effect on the breakdown,and the breakdown voltage decreases with pre-stretch extension increasing.Discharge is affected by electrode materials and applied voltage.Discharge is macroscopical when electrode material is graphite,and is microscopical when electrode material is electric glue.In addition,pre-stretch has an obvious effect on discharge when electrode material is electric glue.更多还原