【摘要】 为全面分析公路绿化在安全方面的合理性,研究了绿化导致的典型行车安全问题,包括平曲线内侧绿化对行车视距的影响;中央分隔带绿化植物株距和高度对防眩、横向通视、植物存活率等的影响;大冠径常绿类植物对道路净空、驾驶员心理的影响;绿化遮挡交通标志或高速公路出入口对行车产生的误导现象;立交匝道及其出入口绿化对行车诱导、出口缓冲及入口通视的影响;以及隧道出入口绿化对眼睛明暗适应性的影响几个方面。根据绿化对行车安全的各种影响因素,从防眩效果、视线视距、视觉诱导、驾驶员心理和缓冲效果5大方面构建评价指标体系的准则层。在制定指标选择原则的基础上,确定各评价准则的影响指标,并分析所有指标对行车安全的影响原理。最终,得出公路绿化对行车安全影响评价指标体系,并选定了适合该体系的评价方法。结论表明,该指标体系对于绿化的安全评价具有较强的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to analyze the traffic safety rationality of highway virescence,the traffic safety problems leaded by unreasonable virescence are studied,such as the sight distance affected by medial horizontal curves sections virescence.And the distance between the virescence and it’s height in median affect traffic safety too,including the glare prevention,horizontal visibility and botanical survival in the poor growing conditions.At the same time,large radius tree crowns will affect not only the expressway clearance,but also the drivers’ mentality.Then,the misleading phenomenon caused by that planting blocks traffic signs or expressway import and export is studied.Similarly,it analyzes the negative impacts of the planting around the interchange ramp,such as driving guide along the ramp,energy buffer when vehicles run out of control at the ramp entrance,the horizontal visibility at the ramp exit.Next,it is formulated that the inappropriate planting at both ends of the tunnel will weakens drivers’ vision because of the light and dark adaptation.According to the virescence influencing factors to traffic safety,the criteria layer of the evaluation index system is constructed from five aspects,including the glare prevention,the eye-gaze and sight distance,the induced gaze,the driver’s mentality and the buffer effect.Based on the principle of selecting evaluation indexes,the impact indicators for the evaluation criteria are set,and its impact principles to traffic safety are analyzed.Last,the paper comes to the evaluation index system of traffic safety influence from highway virescence.Conclusion of the study shows that the index system has a strong guiding significance for the traffic safety evaluation of highway virescence.更多还原